这儿人气旺。希望有人回答我的问题。谢谢！

emmawuxia

Questions 65-66 are based on the following：
                

Hardin argued that grazing land held in common(that is，open to any user)would always be used less carefully than private grazing land。Each rancher would be tempted to overuse common land because the benefits would accrue to the individual．while the costs of reduced land quality that results from overuse would be spread among all users．But a study comparing 217 million acres of common grazing land with 433 million acres of private grazing land showed that the common land was in better condition．

65．The answer to which of the following questions would be most useful in evaluating the significance，in relation to Hardin's claim，of the study described above?

(A)  Did any of the ranchers whose land was studied use both common and private land?

(B)  Did the ranchers whose land was studied tend to prefer using common land over using private land for grazing?

(C)  Was the private land that was studied of comparable quality to the common land before either was used for grazing? 

(D)  Were the users of the common land that was studied at least as prosperous as the users of the private land?

(E)  Were there any owners of herds who used only common land，and no private land，for grazing?

The correct answer is C．

我的问题是：
题目the significance作何解释呢？重要性？意义？

为什么正确答案是C不是B呢？

C答案里的BEFORE应该怎么理解？C答案怎么翻译才正确呢？

好心人能不能给我列一下逻辑思路走向。。。这题感觉答案和题目不太能联系的上

66．Which of the following，if true and known by the ranchers，would best help explain the results of the study?

(A)  With private grazing land，both the costs and the benefits of overuse fall to the individual user．

(B)  The cost in reduced land quality that is attributable to any individual user is less easily measured with common land than it is with private land．

(C)  An individual who overuses common grazing land might be able to achieve higher returns than other users can，with the result that he or she would obtain a competitive advantage．

(D)  If one user of common land overuses it even slightly, the other users are likely to do so even more，with the consequence that the costs to each user outweigh the benefits．

(E)  There are more acres of grazing land held privately than there are held in common

The correct answer is D．

66题。同样不明白为什么选择D答案。虽然知道其他选项更不合理。。。

我觉得文章中既然提到了BETTER CONDITION。选项中理应出现PRIVATE和COMMON的对比啊。可是正确答案让我很无语。。。WHY？

yunnan1990

65题：

此题的意思是说，评估这个研究的重要性。

因为结论说现在公用地比私用地的状况好，C选项是说，和公用地质量相同的私用地之前是不是用于放牧的。因为如果不是用于放牧的，有其他原因，那么研究结论--私人用地状况差--就不足为奇了，有别的用法更破坏土地，那么这个研究的重要性就不大了。但是C选项排除了他因，那么这个研究的意义就比较大了，就比较有重要性了。去研究它真正的原因（例如人们明白66题D选项中说的那种情况），为什么会这样，Hardin说人们通常更爱惜自己的私有财产，而不是很爱惜公共财产，同样用于放牧，结果反而私有地的破坏更大呢？

66题：

如果ranchers知道以下哪一项能更好的解释研究结果。D选项说，一个人过度使用了公共地，哪怕是一点点，其他的人就会用得更多（人们的攀比心理，谁也愿意占便宜），结果导致大家的平均成本大于了受益。

人们如果都知道了这一点，那么谁也不会过度使用公共用地，（相反只好使用自家的私人用地），因此研究结果才会产生，公共用地比私人用地的状况好。

emmawuxia

谢谢啊！

为什么说不用于放牧，有别的原因就一定更伤害土地呢？我在这个上面很纠结。。。所以当时才没有选的。

感觉答案说的很牵强啊，对吗？