OG11TH--54&56

frankman

54. Most employees in the computer industry move from company to company, changing jobs several times in their careers. However, Summit Computers is known throughout the industry for retaining its employees. Summit credits its success in retaining employees to its informal, nonhierarchical work environment.

Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports Summit’s explanation of its success in retaining employees?

(A) Some people employed in the computer industry change jobs if they become bored with their current projects.

(B) A hierarchical work environment hinders the cooperative exchange of ideas that computer industry employees consider necessary for their work.

(C) Many of Summit’s senior employees had previously worked at only one other computer company.

(D) In a non-hierarchical work environment, people avoid behavior that might threaten group harmony and thus avoid discussing with their colleagues any dissatisfaction they might have with their jobs.

(E) The cost of living near Summit is relatively low compared to areas in which some other computer companies are located.

前提是:非正式和非等级化的工作环境

结论是:留住员工

答案B说明等级化的工作环境留不住员工.是推翻前提,来推翻结论吗? 但是这是加强题

56.   Social scientists are underrepresented on the advisory councils of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Since these councils advise NIH directors and recommend policy, the underrepresentation of social scientists results in a relative lack of NIH financial support for research in the social sciences.

If the statements above are correct, they most strongly support which of the following?

(A) A significant increase in the size of NIH advisory councils would be required in order to increase the representation of social scientists on these councils.

(B) A significant increase in the representation of social scientists on NIH advisory councils would result in an increase in NIH funding for social science research.

(C) A significant increase in funding for social science research would result in improved policy recommendations to NIH directors.

(D) A significant increase in funding for the training of social scientists would result in an increase in the number of social scientists on NIH advisory councils.

(E) A significant increase in the representation of social scientists on NIH advisory councils would have to precede any increase in the number of NIH directors who are social scientists.

前提是:在NIH里缺乏社会科学家

结论是:NIH在资金上很少投放到社科研究

答案B增加NIH的社会科学家,就会增加NIH在社科研究上的资金投入.是推翻前提来推翻结论吗?但它也是加强题

非常困惑,请NN帮助解释下.

liuqiangde

54是个加强题。答案B，因为等级化的组织结构阻止了沟通，所以留不住员工。

原题是因为非等级化的组织结构，所以留住了员工。

应该是反因反果，加强原题。

56是个导出题，不是加强题。

因为:在NIH里缺乏社会科学家

所以:NIH在资金上很少投放到社科研究

所以可以推出，增加科学家，就会增加资金投入。

frankman

56是加强题吧,什么叫导出题,有什么标志词吗?