OG11里103-110那篇文章有谁能指点一下么

clqy0918

文章本来就看的不是很明白，题目后几道更是不知其所云……108题看了解释还是不是非常理解。

有没有哪位高人觉得这篇文章不难的，帮忙分析一下？

万分感谢~~

lemoncandya

MM 我现在正在用MUMU逻辑图做分析，如果不急，今天晚上我把文章分析好，贴出来，给你。 然后讨论好吗？

lemoncandya

Passage 32
            （OG11  103-110）

According to a recent theory, Archean-age gold-quartz

vein systems were formed over two billion years ago from

magmatic fluids that originated from molten granitelike

bodies deep beneath the surface of the Earth.(新观点)
                This theory is

 (5) contrary to the widely held view that the systems were

deposited from metamorphic fluids, that is, from fluids that

formed during the dehydration of wet sedimentary rocks.（老观点）

The recently developed theory has considerable practical

importance.（作者的文章观点） Most of the gold deposits discovered during

(10)the original gold rushes were exposed at the Earth’s surface

and were found because they had shed trails of alluvial

gold that were easily traced by simple prospecting methods.

Although these same methods still lead to an occasional

discovery, most deposits not yet discovered have gone

(15) undetected because they are buried and have no surface

expression.

The challenge in exploration is therefore to unravel the

subsurface geology of an area and pinpoint the position of

buried minerals.
                Methods widely used today include

(20)
                    analysis of aerial images that yield a broad geological

overview; geophysical techniques that provide data on the

magnetic, electrical, and mineralogical properties of the

rocks being investigated; and sensitive chemical tests that

are able to detect the subtle chemical halos that often

(25) envelop mineralization. However, (转折词后面的作者要重点强调的东西)none of these high-technology methods are of any value if the sites to which

they are applied have never mineralized, and
                    to maximize

the chances of discovery the explorer must therefore pay

particular attention to selecting the ground formations most

(30) likely to be mineralized.（从widely used method 转用 new method 即
                conceptual models）

Such ground selection relies to

varying degrees on conceptual models, which take into

account theoretical studies of relevant factors.

These models are constructed primarily from empirical

observations of known mineral deposits and from theories

35) of ore-forming processes. The explorer uses the models to

identify those geological features that are critical to the

formation of the mineralization being modeled, and then

tries to select areas for exploration that exhibit as many of

the critical features as possible.

 

lemoncandya

逻辑图：

1.提出新观点+进一步说明，说明方法是指出与旧观点不同，这个旧观点没有其他作用。没有用来对比

2.作者提出对新观点的态度，认为 has practical importance

   过去勘探方法简单因为gold deposits在表面且好辨认，现在的都buried且no surface expression。

3 .由于这种改变，勘探方法有了改革，widely used的有三种。

  但仅限于deposits已经矿化才能勘探出来。

 为了更大程度的勘探，explorer必须关注可能被矿化的地方。

 这就需要conceptual models

 

4. conceptual models需要两个基本要素，一个是经验观察，一个是对于矿石形成的解释。

 103. The author is primarily concerned with  (main idea)  对应二段首句  B

(A)   advocating a return to an older methodology （与作者观点相反）

(B)   explaining the importance of a recent theory

(C)   enumerating differences between two widely used methods （第三段画红线的三种方法，但并没有比较不同）
     

(D)  describing events leading to a discovery

(E)   challenging the assumptions on which a theory is based

 104. According to the passage, the widely held view of Archean- age gold-quartz vein systems is that such systems（考的是原文中提到的老观点）（supporting ideas）
       A

 104. According to the passage, the widely held view of Archean- age gold-quartz vein systems is that such systems（考的是原文中提到的老观点）（supporting ideas）
       A

(A)   were formed from metamorphic fluids

(B)   originated in molten granitelike bodies

(C)   were formed from alluvial deposits (提及过的名词的错误对应)

(D)  generally have surface expression

(E)   are not discoverable through chemical tests

 105. The passage implies that which of the following steps would be the first performed by explorers who wish to maximize their chances of discovering gold?（与原文单下划线的位置对应）(Inference)   C

 105. The passage implies that which of the following steps would be the first performed by explorers who wish to maximize their chances of discovering gold?（与原文单下划线的位置对应）(Inference)   C

(A)   Surveying several sites known to have been formed more than two billion years ago

(B)   Limiting exploration to sites known to have been formed from metamorphic fluid.

(C)   Using an appropriate conceptual model to select a site for further exploration

(D)  Using geophysical methods to analyze rocks over a broad area （老方法
    只有mineralized 以后才有效的方法）

(E)   Limiting exploration to sites where alluvial gold has previously been found

 难106. Which of the following statements about discoveries of gold deposits is supported by information in the passage? (supporting ideas)   B

(A)   The number of gold discoveries made annually has increased between the time of the original gold rushes and the present.

(B)   New discoveries of gold deposits are likely to be the result of exploration techniques designed to locate buried mineralization.

(C)   It is unlikely that newly discovered gold deposits will ever yield as much as did those deposits discovered during the original gold rushes.

(D)  Modern explorers are divided on the question of the utility of simple prospecting methods as a source of new discoveries of gold deposits

(E)   Models based on the theory that gold originated from magmatic fluids（即为rencent theory）
     have already led to new discoveries of gold deposits.

分析：

这道题很难，答案的意思讲解是，因为gold deposits都是buried的，所以新的方法是利用conceptual models to identify 最可能被矿化的位置。所以说，已经发现的gold deposits中，新发现的gold deposits是用technique来挖掘的，而这种technique是用来挖掘已经矿化的gold deposits的。

 我选错的因为
    不明白B选项里面讲的new deposits是指已经发现了的，还是利用recent theory发现的。

所以，做GMAT一定要培养一个能力，能迅速排除不相关的问题

A C D 选项中，用蓝色标出的都是不相关的关键词。

E 选项中所说的内容，原文未提及。

 107. It can be inferred from the passage that which of the following is easiest to detect? （application）  D

 107. It can be inferred from the passage that which of the following is easiest to detect? （application）  D

第2段画红线部分

(A)   A gold-quartz vein system originating in magmatic fluids

(B)   A gold-quartz vein system originating in metamorphic fluids

(C)   A gold deposit that is mixed with granite

(D)  A gold deposit that has shed alluvial gold

(E)   A gold deposit that exhibits chemical halos

 108. The theory mentioned in line 1 relates to the conceptual models discussed in the passage in which of the following ways?

（logical structure）   A

(A)   It may furnish a valid account of ore-forming processes, and, hence, can support conceptual models that have great practical significance.

(B)   It suggests that certain geological formations, long believed to be mineralized, are in fact mineralized, thus confirming current conceptual models.

(C)   It suggests that there may not be enough similarity across Archean-age gold-quartz vein systems to warrant the formulation of conceptual models.

(D)  It corrects existing theories about the chemical halos of gold deposits, and thus provides a basis for correcting current conceptual models.

(E)   It suggests that simple prospecting methods still have a higher success rate in the discovery of gold deposits than do more modern methods.

分析：

题目问：line 1 的理论和conceptual model是以哪种方式相关的？

A．理论可能提供了一种关于矿石行程过程的合理解释，因此可以支持概念模型有很大的实践意义。

分析A，新的理论是提出了一个矿脉形成的一个新的解释，（文章开头），而概念模型主要靠经验观察和矿石形成过程来建立（末段段首句），所以A选项正确。

B．理论提出了某种地质构造，认为将被矿化的，事实上的确被矿化，因为确认证明了概念模型。

分析B，原来没有提到过新的理论可以证明概念模型，而是概念模型是在新的理论基础上建立起来的。

C，理论认为没有足够的相似点从A矿脉体系中得出来证明概念模型的构想。

分析C，与原文基调完全相反，原来是说新理论是帮助概念模型建立起来的。

D  新理论纠正了….

分析D，原文没提过新理论纠正chemical halos理论的问题

E  新理论认为简单的勘探方法比起modern methods仍然非常成功。

分析E，原理没有对勘探方法上做过比较。

 

 

[此贴子已经被作者于2008-9-1 0:00:05编辑过]

lemoncandya

109. According to the passage, methods of exploring for gold that are widely used today are based on which of the following facts? （supporting ideas）  C

(A)          Most of the Earth’s remaining gold deposits are still molten.
                

(B)   Most of the Earth’s remaining gold deposits are exposed at the surface.
                

(C)   Most of the Earth’s remaining gold deposits are buried and have no surface expression.
                

(D)  Only one type of gold deposit warrants exploration, since the other types of gold deposits are found in regions difficult to reach.

(E)   Only one type of gold deposit warrants exploration, since the other types of gold deposits are unlikely to yield concentrated quantities of gold.
                

分析：
                

关键词帮助在三段段首定位。
            

根据选项的提示到原文找现在挖掘的gold deposits的特征。
            

二段短尾和三段段首可以看出，原来的在surface上，现在的buried和have no surface expression
                

 110. It can be inferred from the passage that the efficiency of model-based gold exploration depends on which of the following? （inference）  D

 110. It can be inferred from the passage that the efficiency of model-based gold exploration depends on which of the following? （inference）  D

I.  The closeness of the match between the geological features identified by the model as critical and the actual geological features of a given area

II. The degree to which the model chosen relies on empirical observation of known mineral deposits rather than on theories of ore-forming processes

III. The degree to which the model chosen is based on an accurate description of the events leading to mineralization.

 (A)   I only

 (A)   I only

 (A)   I only

 (A)   I only

(B)   II only

(C)   I and II only

(D)  I and III only

(E)   I, II, and III
                    

 分析
                

I，               正确，文章最后一段最后一句话说，发掘的人利用模型分析出来的地质特点来寻找实际具有这些地质特点的地方来寻找deposits，因此可以推论得出，两者匹配度越高，模型越有效。
            

II，            错误，最后一段段首说概念模型的建立需要两个要素，一个是经验观察，一个是矿石形成过程的解释，但是并没有比较两个要素哪个更重要。
            

III，          正确，对于矿石形成的正确解释是概念模型的一个因素，所以，影响模型的有效性。

clqy0918

Thank you very much for your very detailed analyse~

For 106, I think "new deposits" refers to thoses to be explored with the "recent theory".

clqy0918

BTW, when will you take the GMAT test and what is your goal score?

How have you prepared it now?

lemoncandya

1.     There is no reason why the Earth should always pass through the stream's exact center, so the time interval between the two bursts of activity would vary from one year to the next．

2.     (B)  Describing a new theoretical model and noting that it explains the nature of observations made of a particular natural phenomenon

这两句话不是很明白什么意思，尤其是第2句nothing后面，为什么第一题，选B，不是很理解

sausau

me 2