请教GMAT新63篇的第55篇的一些问题

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Some observers have attributed the dramatic growth in temporary employment that occurred in the United States during the 1980’s to increased participation in the workforce by certain groups, such as first-time or reentering workers, who supposedly prefer such arrangements. However, statistical analyses reveal that demographic changes in the workforce did not correlate with variations in the total number of temporary workers. Instead, these analyses suggest that factors affecting employers account for the rise in temporary employment. One factor is product demand: temporary employment is favored by employers who are adapting to fluctuating demand for products while at the same time seeking to reduce overall labor costs. Another factor is labor’s reduced bargaining strength, which allows employers more control over the terms of employment. Given the analyses, which reveal that growth in temporary employment now far exceeds the level explainable by recent workforce entry rates of groups said to prefer temporary jobs, firms should be discouraged from creating excessive numbers of temporary positions. Government policymakers should consider mandating benefit coverage for temporary employees, promoting pay equity between temporary and permanent workers, assisting labor unions in organizing temporary workers, and encouraging firms to assign temporary jobs primarily to employees who explicitly indicate that preference.

4.    The passage suggests which of the following about the workers who took temporary jobs during the 1980’s?

(A) Their jobs frequently led to permanent positions within firms.

(B) They constituted a less demographically diverse group than has been suggested.

(C) They were occasionally involved in actions organized by labor unions.

(D) Their pay declined during the decade in comparison with the pay of permanent employees.（E）

(E) They did not necessarily prefer temporary employment to permanent employment.

5.    The first sentence in the passage suggests that the observers mentioned in line 1 would be most likely to predict which of the following?

(A) That the number of new temporary positions would decline as fewer workers who preferred temporary employment entered the workforce.

(B) That the total number of temporary positions would increase as fewer workers were able to find permanent positions.

(C) That employers would have less control over the terms of workers’ employment as workers increased their bargaining strength.

(D) That more workers would be hired for temporary positions as product demand increased.（E）

(E) That the number of workers taking temporary positions would increase as more workers in any given demographic group entered the workforce.

6.    In the context of the passage, the word “excessive” (line 21) most closely corresponds to which of the following phrases?

(A) Far more than can be justified by worker preferences.

(B) Far more than can be explained by fluctuations in product demand.

(C) Far more than can be beneficial to the success of the firms themselves.

(D) Far more than can be accounted for by an expanding national economy.（A）

(E) Far more than can be attributed to increases in the total number of people in the workforce.

7.    The passage mentions each of the following as an appropriate kind of governmental action EXCEPT（应该是D）

(A) getting firms to offer temporary employment primarily to a certain group of people

(B) encouraging equitable pay for temporary and permanent employees

(C) facilitating the organization of temporary workers by labor unions

(D) establishing guidelines on the proportion of temporary workers that firms should employ（A）

(E) ensuring that temporary workers obtain benefits from their employers

第四题的答案是E, 但是我认为是D.

第五题的答案是E, 但是我觉得A也对呀。

第六题的答案是A, 我一点也不明白为什么，我选的是B.

最后一题的答案是A, 但是文章中已经说了action包括这个选项呀，为什么选它？我选的是D.

求求各位高人帮我指点一下吧！我都快郁闷死了！！！

dianecarton

4.文章并没有提到临时工的工资比较长期工十年来是高了还是低了，D不对。文章提到了However, statistical analyses reveal that demographic changes in the workforce did not correlate with variations in the total number of temporary workers.说明不是所有临时工都是自愿选择临时工而不是长期工的，E对。

5.文章并没有提到new temporary positions的问题，A不对。貌似楼主明白E为什么对，就不解释了。

6.firms should be discouraged from creating excessive numbers of temporary positions.这个结论是在讲完两个factors之后，作者说不应该鼓励公司制造过多的临时工作岗位。显然B是对factor一的概括，不全面。而A是对factors一、二的概括。

7.同意楼主选D。