天山真题－Q4

seanql

Q4:
In the year following an eight-cent increase in the federal tax on a pack of cigarettes,
sales of cigarettes fell ten percent. In contrast, in the year prior to the tax increase, sales had fallen one percent. The volume of cigarette sales is therefore strongly related to the after-tax price of a pack of cigarettes.

The argument above requires which of following assumptions?

A. During the year following the tax increase, the pretax price of a pack of cigarettes
did not increase by as much as it had during the year prior to the tax increase.
B. The one percent fall in cigarette sales in the year prior to tax increase was due to a
smaller tax increase.
C. The pretax price of a pack of cigarettes gradually decreased throughout the year
before and the year after the tax increase.
D. For the year following the tax increase, the pretax price of a pack of cigarettes
was not eight or more cents lower than it had been the previous year.
E. As the after-tax price of a pack of cigarettes rises, the pretax price also rises.

这道题没读太懂，哪位能把题目选项都讲讲？

qww

试着讲一下。In the year following an eight-cent increase in the federal tax on a pack of cigarettes,
sales of cigarettes fell ten percent. In contrast, in the year prior to the tax increase, sales had fallen one percent. The volume of cigarette sales is therefore strongly related to the after-tax price of a pack of cigarettes
在联邦实施对每包香烟的税收增加8美分的那年，烟的销量下降10％,相比较，税收增加的前年，销量下降1％，因此销售量和每包烟的税后价格紧密相连。
问假设？
我选D，不一定对。
For the year following the tax increase, the pretax price of a pack of cigarettes
was not eight or more cents lower than it had been the previous year。
实施税收增加的那年，每包烟的税前价格不比以前年份的低8美分以上。

seanql

以下是引用qww在2003-12-12 20:36:00的发言：
试着讲一下。In the year following an eight-cent increase in the federal tax on a pack of cigarettes,
sales of cigarettes fell ten percent. In contrast, in the year prior to the tax increase, sales had fallen one percent. The volume of cigarette sales is therefore strongly related to the after-tax price of a pack of cigarettes
在联邦实施对每包香烟的税收增加8美分的那年，烟的销量下降10％,相比较，税收增加的前年，销量下降1％，因此销售量和每包烟的税后价格紧密相连。
问假设？
我选D，不一定对。
For the year following the tax increase, the pretax price of a pack of cigarettes
was not eight or more cents lower than it had been the previous year。
实施税收增加的那年，每包烟的税前价格不比以前年份的低8美分以上。

qww,你是对的。
我原来没明白税前税后间的关系。
这道题实际是“如果每包烟的税前价格比以前年份的低8美分，税后价格就不会增加了”是这样的吗？

nos36

以下是引用seanql在2003-12-12 21:27:00的发言：

qww,你是对的。
我原来没明白税前税后间的关系。
这道题实际是“如果每包烟的税前价格比以前年份的低8美分，税后价格就不会增加了”是这样的吗？

agree with u

李逍遥

up

番茄炒蛋

怎么解释的嘎复杂呢
抓住原文的一个关键词 after-tax price 就可以了啊
税增加了，如果税前价格下调了那么 after-tax price 就不一定会增加啊
所以保证税前价格不便，这样after-tax price 就可以确定是增加的，原文就是需要这样一个假设的

llllll

The volume of cigarette sales is therefore strongly related to the after-tax price of a pack of cigarettes是不是可以理解成销量主要受税后价格的影响（隐含：不是受税前价格影响）。我觉得A更对，如果税前价格增长率一样，而销售量变化率差别很大，则可以说明不是税前价格影响，因此便是税后价格影响。我不知道我的假设是否有误。
假设选d,如果价格税前刚好降了8分，那么税后价格则没有变化，这时销售额下降那么多，，能说明题中结论吗？
总之我觉得该选A

大家帮我再想想啊！ 我的脑袋快要爆炸了，就为这题。

horsefish

NN们, 求救! 答案是A还是D?

携隐

我选D，原文明确指出是税后价格和销售量的关系，把D取非：税后价格没有升反而可能降，但销售量下降了，说明不是税后价格的问题。把A取非：提税后税前价格的增长率和税前一样－－那可能部分影响了销售量，但无法确定到底是这个增长率影响了销售量还是增加的税影响了销售量。如果这个增长率是每年0.1cent呢？这是不能保证的答案。只有D，取非以后是100%推翻原结论的。

cranberry

文章有一个暗含的意思，就是增加税收后，香烟的价格应该比前一年是上升了。对答案d取非，则结论是本年税后的香烟价格比前一年低了，那么税后价格低了，销量反而下降，这个与文章要表达的意思不符。