GWD7-Q17

fk305301

Of patients over 65 years old who survived coronary [C1] bypass surgery[C2] —a procedure widely prescribed for people with heart disease—only 75 percent benefited from the surgery.  Thus it appears that for one in four such patients, the doctors who advised them to undergo this surgery, with its attendant risks and expense, were more interested in an opportunity to practice their skills and in their fee than in helping the patient.

 

Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the argument?

 

1. Many of the patients who receive coronary bypass surgery are less than 55 years old.

2. Possible benefits of coronary bypass surgery include both relief from troubling symptoms and prolongation of life.

3. Most of the patients in the survey decided to undergo coronary bypass surgery because they were advised that the surgery would reduce their risk of future heart attacks.

4. [C3] The patients over 65 years old who did not benefit from the coronary bypass surgery were as fully informed as those who did benefit from the surgery as to the risks of the surgery prior to undergoing it.[C4] 

5. The patients who underwent coronary bypass surgery but who did not benefit from it were medically indistinguishable, prior to their surgery, from the patients who did benefit

E正确。

这道题目我看得不是很明白，没想明白为什么medically indistinguishable就可以削弱原文了呢？）能请各位帮忙我解释下吗？？

bmwedward

此題原意為這類的病人有75%會得到好處從這手術中, 並說25%是因為醫生本身想要鍛鍊醫術及賺錢甚過想要幫助這25%

答案(E)否定說: 是因為在動手術前, 根本不知道手術對病人有好處的及對病人無好處的根本無從察覺, 並不是因為上述的原因使然

謝謝大家來討論

SuperDan

E正确。

因为如果医生在手术前不知道手上的病人会不会benefit from the surgery,那么他们就无从决定自己为病人动手术的动机。

wallstreeter

这题看答案前就能想出如何weaken
75%收益，25%不受益---医生拿25%赚钱、“练手”
根本不知道谁会是那25%的啊。。。

joannachou

頂

蓝色回忆

为什么D不对呢？

dongjunh

以下是引用蓝色回忆在2009-4-10 14:30:00的发言：
为什么D不对呢？

医生告知病人风险与医生最终如何治疗两种病人无关，医生完全可以都告知风险，但对不可能benefits的病人进行试验。

fiona_hq

up

ForeverDark

好，谢谢诸位的讨论，我明白了

toamy

那为什么不选A呢？ 原文是说65岁以上的人有四分之一的概率无法从手术受益，从而推出有四分之一的概率医生是在为自己“练手”而让病人开刀。

如果做手术的大部分都是55岁以下的人，那是不是根本就推不出这个四分之一，从而削弱结论呢？

请各位指教指教。。