没讨论过的:求助:GWD21-Q4

sophiafinn

GWD21-Q4:

Which of the following most logically completes the passage?

 

Appendicitis (inflammation of the appendix) is potentially fatal; consequently, patients with symptoms strongly suggesting appendicitis almost always have their appendix removed.  The appropriate surgery is low-risk but performed unnecessarily in about 20 percent of all cases.  A newly developed internal scan for appendicitis is highly accurate, producing two misdiagnoses for every 98 correct diagnoses.  Clearly, using this test, doctors can largely avoid unnecessary removals of the appendix without, however, performing any fewer necessary ones than before, since ______.

 

1. the patients who are correctly diagnosed with this test as not having appendicitis invariably have medical conditions that are much less serious than appendicitis
2. the misdiagnoses produced by this test are always instances of attributing appendicitis to someone who does not, in fact, have it
                       
3. all of the patients who are diagnosed with this test as having appendicitis do, in fact, have appendicitis
4. every patient who is diagnosed with this test as having appendicitis has more than one of the symptoms generally associated with appendicitis
5. the only patients who are misdiagnosed using this test are patients who lack one or more of the symptoms that are generally associated with appendicitis

Answer: 我选C 正确答案(B)

B:误诊的主要是把有病的看成没病了，而不会把没病的看成有病，所以所有开刀的都必要，即不会降低必须开刀的人数. 可以理解,正确

C:被查出有阑尾炎的实际的确有阑尾炎。这其实也是更直接陈述误诊的都是有病没查出来的而不是没病的而被开刀的。因此也不会降低必须开刀的人数.

为什么C  不对啊?

elithian

问题不是有没有病，而是要不要开刀。

新的方法降低了开刀的错误判断，使没必要开刀的大部分人得到解脱，20%->2%，同时使必须开刀的人不会被放过，因为________。

B.错误的诊断都是认为已经开过刀的人(who does not in fact have it)有病===》所以他们肯定不会被错误的开刀了，因为他们已经开过

sophiafinn

B the misdiagnoses produced by this test are always instances of attributing appendicitis to someone who does not, in fact, have it
            

这个it 是appendicitis, 不是开刀吧? 怎么推出来已经开过刀了?

B的意思是什么有谁可以准确翻译一下,另外C为什么不对啊

Tira

顶一个以前讨论的 我也想知道B的确切翻译啊

Tira

再顶一下

菊花刀

以下是引用Tira在2007-7-20 18:26:00的发言：

顶一个以前讨论的 我也想知道B的确切翻译啊

B大概意思就是 误诊的那2%都是将没有阑尾炎的当成阑尾炎的。

所谓误诊就是两种1，将没有阑尾炎的当成阑尾炎的。2，将有阑尾炎的当成没阑尾炎的。

既然B说都是1，那么就说明真正有阑尾炎的都被正确诊断出来并予以手术，可以说明为什么without, however, performing any fewer necessary ones than before。

而以前的20%的不必要手术当然是由1这种情况引起的，但2%〈20%

菊花刀

以下是引用sophiafinn在2007-6-21 15:16:00的发言：

B the misdiagnoses produced by this test are always instances of attributing appendicitis to someone who does not, in fact, have it
   

这个it 是appendicitis, 不是开刀吧? 怎么推出来已经开过刀了?

B的意思是什么有谁可以准确翻译一下,另外C为什么不对啊

C是说所有被拉出去开刀的人都确实是有病的，也就是说误诊的人中都是本来有病的当没病的让他们回家了。（你反过来想，要是误诊的人中有本来没病当有病的就和C矛盾了）。所以C也许可以解释为什么using this test, doctors can largely avoid unnecessary removals of the appendix，但不能解释后后半句，因为确实是减少了应该做手术的necessary surgery。

hope it helps

[此贴子已经被作者于2007-7-26 2:52:48编辑过]

songyeonpp

我也选得c,如果非要选b,那只能这么想了.

B. the misdiagnoses produced by this test are always instances of attributing appendicitis to someone who does not, in fact, have it
                

     由这个测试产生的误诊都是这种例子: 将实际上没有appendicitis的人归结到有appendicitis. (虽然测试显示有appendicitis,但是实际上鬼都知道其实这人没有appendicitis,所以这种明显的误诊不影响医生的判断)

C. all of the patients who are diagnosed with this test as having appendicitis do, in fact, have appendicitis (这里的意思只说明了减少了unneccesary surgery,但是没说明without performing any fewer necessary surgery)

mofee_21

我看了很多解释,确信以下解释是本题的终极解释,缺点是说得有些复杂了,但瑕不掩瑜!谢谢tira的解释.

B大概意思就是 误诊的那2%都是将没有阑尾炎的当成阑尾炎的。

所谓误诊就是两种1，将没有阑尾炎的当成阑尾炎的。2，将有阑尾炎的当成没阑尾炎的。

既然B说都是1，那么就说明真正有阑尾炎的都被正确诊断出来并予以手术，可以说明为什么without, however, performing any fewer necessary ones than before。

而以前的20%的不必要手术当然是由1这种情况引起的，但2%〈20%

qianrene

 Clearly, using this test, doctors can largely avoid unnecessary removals of the appendix without, however, performing any fewer necessary ones than before, since ______.就是说还是会有不必要的手术（没有病的诊断出来有）但是没有需要做的没有做（确实有病的就能诊断出来）

应该注意文中的兰色这么几个字眼就好判断拉