以下是引用qianrene在2007-9-3 13:41:00的发言: To establish such a chronology it is necessary to determine the relative amounts of land ice that existed at various times in the Earth’s past. A recent discovery makes such a determination possible: relative land-ice volume for a given period can be deduced from the ratio of two oxygen isotopes, 16 and 18, found in ocean sediments. Almost all the oxygen in water is oxygen 16, but a few molecules out of every thousand incorporate the heavier isotope 18. When an ice age begins, the continental ice sheets grow, steadily reducing the amount of water evaporated from the ocean that will eventually return to it. Because heavier isotopes tend to be left behind when water evaporates from the ocean surfaces, the remaining ocean water becomes progressively enriched in oxygen 18. The degree of enrichment can be determined by analyzing ocean sediments of the period, because these sediments are composed of calcium carbonate (calcium carbonate: n.[化]碳酸钙) shells of marine organisms, shells that were constructed with oxygen atoms drawn from the surrounding ocean. The higher the ratio of oxygen 18 to oxygen 16 in a sedimentary specimen, the more land ice there was when the sediment was laid down.
It can be inferred from the passage that precipitation formed from evaporated ocean water has (A) the same isotopic ratio as ocean water (B) less oxygen 18 than does ocean water (C) less oxygen 18 than has the ice contained in continental ice sheets (D) a different isotopic composition than has precipitation formed from water on land (E) more oxygen 16 than has precipitation formed from fresh water 借人气问个问题啊:)这题选B肯定没问题,但是OG对C的解释是因为the passage suggests that the ocean water evaporates and through subsequent precipitation helps form the ice sheets. So the amount of oxygen18 in ice sheet should be similar to the amount in evaporated water. 难道OG的意思是continental ice sheets是evaporated water转化来的?为什么不是ocean water结冰得来的? 海洋的水蒸发, 降到陆地,不断蒸发,陆地结冰不断增加,但水分没法再流到海洋 |