OG11-96（关于no, any, every 等指示词）

shenyang

OG11-96-commentator:The theory of trade retaliation states that countries closed out of any of another country's markets should close some of their own markets to the other country in order to pressure the other country to reopen its markets. If every country acted according to this theory, no country would trade with any other.

THe commentator's argument relies on which of the following assumptions?

A. No country actually acts according to the theory of trade retaliation.

D. For any two countries, at least one has some market closed to the other.（答案：D)

对答案没有异议，只是不清楚OG对A答案的解释，请帮忙解释一下，解释如下：

A. Any one country may act according to the theory, but not every country. 为什么说是“any"not "every"?

还有一直对充分必要条件的指示词不太清楚，如Lawyer贴http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?BoardID=24&ID=73506

 充分-〉/every/all/any/people who-〉怎么解释？

必要-〉/no,none(在句子开头）-〉怎么解释？

充分必要条件指示词

1.introduce a sufficient condition: if/when/whenever/every/all/any/people who/in order to/to

2.introduce a necessary condition: then/only/only if/must/require/no,none(在句子开头)

3.unless equation: unless/except/until/without(其后面部分变成必要条件，其它加NOT变充分条件)

4.特例：the only way to achieve success is to work hard.  achieve success(充分条件)

only a professional consultant can solve the organization’s problems. a professional consultant(必要条件)

no citizen can be denied the right to vote. denied the right to vote(充分条件). no citizen(必要条件)
 

[此贴子已经被作者于2007-1-15 14:00:10编辑过]

shenyang

up!

shenyang

up up

supermary

A。实际上没有国家按照这个报复性贸易理论做。

原文的情境就是这个，不是没有说出来的assumption.
A import to B
B import to A
B closes the market to A,
then A can close the market to B.
So assumption is " every two countries are alike A and B, so they can use this retaliation theory".

shirley8707

确实是,不明白