请教：关于boldface

hellohi

请教：premise 与 assumption 有什么区别，
         conclusion 与 inference有什么区别，
谢谢

casamila

以下是引用fyhllj在2003-9-26 10:46:00的发言：
Boldface第8题


8. The survival of the publishing industry depends upon the existence of a public who will buy the printed word in the form of newspapers, books and magazines. Over the past several years, however, the advance of electronic media, particularly CD-ROMs, online computer services, and the Internet, has made information available to the public electronically without the need for printed materials. As the availability of electronic media increases and as it is more easily accessible, the public has less need for printed materials. So the publishing industry is threatened by the advance of the computer information age.
The two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?

(A) The first is the part of evidence that the argument includes, the second is the conclusion that can be drawn only from the first.
(B) The first is the second-premise that the argument includes; the second is the conclusion that is reasonably drawn form this passage.
(C) The first is the second-premise that the argument includes, the second is the inference that must be drawn from this argument.
(D) The first is the fact that must be true, the second is the inference that can be correctly drawn from this argument.
(E) The first is the part of premise that the argument depends on; the second is the conclusion that is incorrectly drawn from this argument

解答：
Over the past several years, however, the advance of electronic media, particularly CD-ROMs, online computer services, and the Internet, has made information available to the public electronically without the need for printed materials.

第一句中的Over the past several years表明了这是一个发生在过去的事实。有人认为：“这句话中must be就不太对，谁知道是true 还是不true呢？“我们不论他实际上true or false,我们必须承认它是真的为了下面的因果关系的推论。但我们不能由此判定它就是前提。

关于fact和premise,

我的意见是：

简单讲，我认为fact是不可能做premise。因为premise是an idea that you use to support another theory。that idea can be wrong. but fact is that thing happened indeed in the past, it must be true.

举一个例子：
在热恋中，所有男孩子都要给女孩子送花。
我是男孩子且在热恋
所以，我也要送花（后面的但是我没钱，能否像你借钱somethings like that）

在热恋中，所有男孩子都要给女孩子送花。（前提）
我是男孩子且在热恋(事实)
所以，我也要送花（结论）

由此看出，前提是一种理论，我认为正确，从而推出有利于我的或我想要得结论。决不是一个事实。至于“在热恋中，所有男孩子都要给女孩子送花。“是不是事实，(例如，就有女追男的吗！） who knows! who care! that is my premise.

这时你可以说：“我们邻居小张就是送的花，结果去年就结婚了。“

这就是一个事实，用来支持你的论证。
实际上8题并不是一个推论性的论证。他实际上是一个因果关系
先描述了一个现象，然后提出了一个因果论证。
希望有所帮助。

fyhllj

givemeahome

fyhllj :

You change your name to Casamila???

fyhllj

以下是引用givemeahome在2003-10-15 17:01:00的发言：
fyhllj :

You change your name to Casamila???

没有呀。已经用了5，6年了，那好轻易变呀。

givemeahome

不要换，头相好好的。

nickynicky

以下是引用casamila在2003-10-15 15:10:00的发言：

以下是引用fyhllj在2003-9-26 10:46:00的发言：
  Boldface第8题

  
  8. The survival of the publishing industry depends upon the existence of a public who will buy the printed word in the form of newspapers, books and magazines. Over the past several years, however, the advance of electronic media, particularly CD-ROMs, online computer services, and the Internet, has made information available to the public electronically without the need for printed materials. As the availability of electronic media increases and as it is more easily accessible, the public has less need for printed materials. So the publishing industry is threatened by the advance of the computer information age.
  The two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?

  (A) The first is the part of evidence that the argument includes, the second is the conclusion that can be drawn only from the first.
  (B) The first is the second-premise that the argument includes; the second is the conclusion that is reasonably drawn form this passage.
  (C) The first is the second-premise that the argument includes, the second is the inference that must be drawn from this argument.
  (D) The first is the fact that must be true, the second is the inference that can be correctly drawn from this argument.
  (E) The first is the part of premise that the argument depends on; the second is the conclusion that is incorrectly drawn from this argument

  解答：
  Over the past several years, however, the advance of electronic media, particularly CD-ROMs, online computer services, and the Internet, has made information available to the public electronically without the need for printed materials.

  第一句中的Over the past several years表明了这是一个发生在过去的事实。有人认为：“这句话中must be就不太对，谁知道是true 还是不true呢？“我们不论他实际上true or false,我们必须承认它是真的为了下面的因果关系的推论。但我们不能由此判定它就是前提。

  关于fact和premise,

  我的意见是：

  简单讲，我认为fact是不可能做premise。因为premise是an idea that you use to support another theory。that idea can be wrong. but fact is that thing happened indeed in the past, it must be true.

  举一个例子：
  在热恋中，所有男孩子都要给女孩子送花。
  我是男孩子且在热恋
  所以，我也要送花（后面的但是我没钱，能否像你借钱somethings like that）

  在热恋中，所有男孩子都要给女孩子送花。（前提）
  我是男孩子且在热恋(事实)
  所以，我也要送花（结论）

  由此看出，前提是一种理论，我认为正确，从而推出有利于我的或我想要得结论。决不是一个事实。至于“在热恋中，所有男孩子都要给女孩子送花。“是不是事实，(例如，就有女追男的吗！） who knows! who care! that is my premise.

  这时你可以说：“我们邻居小张就是送的花，结果去年就结婚了。“

  这就是一个事实，用来支持你的论证。
  实际上8题并不是一个推论性的论证。他实际上是一个因果关系
  先描述了一个现象，然后提出了一个因果论证。
  希望有所帮助。

  fyhllj

请问，上面这道题目的答案是D嘛？我觉得premise和assumption和fact区别很大啊。表达不出来。