1. GWD-30-Q35-Q37 巴西,香港,墨西哥,台湾,新加坡,韩国,台湾发展快,马来西亚,泰国不行 (The following was excerpted from material written in 1988.) For over a decade the most common policy advice given to developing countries Line by international development (5) institutions has been to copy the export-oriented path of the newly industrializing countries, the celebrated NIC’s. These economies—Brazil, Hong (10) Kong, Mexico, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan— burst into the world manufac- turing market in the late 1960’s and the 1970’s; by 1978 these (15) six economies, along with India, enjoyed unequaled growth rates for gross national product and for exports, with exports accounting for 70 percent of (20) the developing world’s manu- factured exports. It was, therefore, not surprising that dozens of other countries attempted to follow their model, (25) yet no countries—with the pos- sible exceptions of Malaysia and Thailand—have even approached their success. In “No More NIC’s,” Robin Broad (30) and John Cavanagh search for the reasons behind these fail- ures, identifying far-reaching changes in the global econ- omy—from synthetic substitutes (35) for commodity exports to unsustainable levels of foreign debt—as responsible for a glut economy offering little room for new entrants. Despite these (40) changes, the authors maintain, the World Bank and the Inter- national Monetary Fund—the foremost international devel- opment institutions—have (45) continued to promote the NIC path as the way for heavily indebted developing countries to proceed. And yet the futility of this approach should, (50) according to the authors, be all too apparent so many years into a period of reduced growth in world markets.
Q37: The author mentions Malaysia and Thailand in order to???????????? - acknowledge the
appearance of implausibility in a broad claim - concede the possible existence of
counter-examples to a generalization - offer additional evidence in support of a disputed conclusion
- illustrate the broad applicability of a hypothesis
- admit the limited scope of a standard analysis
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