揽瓜阁训练营 第八十四天（含CR，RC和DI题目）

小白斩鸡

之前大家对揽瓜阁精读的反馈很好，就想着自己的时间开始把一些精读的文章根据JJ出题目～ 然后focus上线，IR需求 大家也大。就想着 把揽瓜阁的阅读 逻辑 IR 都放在这贴里打卡

每日的解析在揽瓜阁2024群更新

RC题源：揽瓜阁精读的文章+机经的题目
CR题源：本月中文JJ改编
IR题源： 往届鸡精改编

打卡内容：
一周打卡五篇，科目不限。
每天上午管理员群内发布题目，群成员做完提交打卡，第二天发布解析

打卡内容建议：
阅读：写文章结构、笔记
逻辑：写逻辑链分析
IR：写做题思路和选项分析

【现在你的笔记越全，越能帮助你捋清思路，之后回顾总结。】
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1.CR

答案:
CA

2.RC

答案:
CBCBD


3.DI

The Chinese government has proposed to conduct several high-tech experiments in the Gobi Desert, as described below.

The Quantum Cryptography Secure Communication Network (QCSCN) will establish a secure communication network using quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols. The network will span 2,000 kilometers, connecting Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou, and will be used for sensitive government and military communications.

The Thorium Molten Salt Reactor (TMSR) will be a next-generation nuclear reactor that uses thorium as its primary fuel. The reactor will have a capacity of 500 megawatts and will demonstrate the feasibility of thorium-based nuclear power as a safe, efficient, and environmentally friendly alternative to traditional uranium-based reactors.

The Superconducting Maglev Train (SMT) will be a high-speed maglev train that utilizes high-temperature superconductors to achieve levitation and propulsion. The train will operate on a 1,000-kilometer track between Beijing and Shanghai, with a maximum speed of 800 kilometers per hour, reducing travel time to just over an hour.

Purpose

The purpose of the QCSCN is to ensure the security and integrity of sensitive government and military communications in the face of increasing cyber threats. By using quantum key distribution, which relies on the principles of quantum mechanics to detect eavesdropping attempts, the network will provide unbreakable encryption for critical communications.

The TMSR aims to address China's growing energy needs while reducing its reliance on fossil fuels and mitigating the environmental impact of energy production. Thorium is more abundant than uranium, produces less long-lived radioactive waste, and is more resistant to nuclear proliferation. The successful demonstration of a thorium-based reactor could pave the way for a new era of clean, safe, and sustainable nuclear power.

The SMT project seeks to revolutionize transportation in China by providing a fast, efficient, and environmentally friendly alternative to air and conventional rail travel. By using superconducting maglev technology, the train will be able to achieve higher speeds and greater energy efficiency than traditional high-speed rail systems. The SMT will also serve as a showcase for China's advanced technological capabilities and infrastructure development.

Budget

The Chinese government estimates that the total cost of the three projects will be 120 billion yuan (approximately $18 billion USD), with construction expected to take five years. The breakdown of the costs is as follows:

QCSCN: 30 billion yuan ($4.5 billion USD)

TMSR: 50 billion yuan ($7.5 billion USD)

SMT: 40 billion yuan ($6 billion USD)

Once construction is completed, the annual operating costs are projected to be:

QCSCN: 2 billion yuan ($300 million USD)

TMSR: 3.5 billion yuan ($525 million USD)

SMT: 2.5 billion yuan ($375 million USD)

These figures are based on 2023 exchange rates and do not account for potential inflation or changes in currency values.

Questions:

1. Which of the following best describes the primary purpose of the Quantum Cryptography Secure Communication Network (QCSCN)?

A. To provide faster communication speeds between major Chinese cities

B. To reduce the cost of government and military communications

C. To protect sensitive communications from cyber threats and eavesdropping

D. To demonstrate China's superiority in quantum computing technology

2. According to the proposal, what is the main advantage of using thorium as a fuel in the Thorium Molten Salt Reactor (TMSR) compared to traditional uranium-based reactors?

A. Thorium is more abundant and produces less long-lived radioactive waste

B. Thorium reactors are cheaper to construct and operate

C. Thorium reactors have a higher power output and efficiency

D. Thorium reactors can be used for nuclear weapons production

3. The Superconducting Maglev Train (SMT) is designed to travel between Beijing and Shanghai at a maximum speed of:

A. 500 kilometers per hour

B. 650 kilometers per hour

C. 800 kilometers per hour

D. 1,000 kilometers per hour

4. If the total cost of the three projects is 120 billion yuan, and the QCSCN and SMT combined account for 70 billion yuan, what is the estimated cost of the TMSR project in USD, based on the 2023 exchange rate?

A. $4.5 billion

B. $6 billion

C. $7.5 billion

D. $9 billion

5. Based on the information provided, which of the following statements about the annual operating costs of the projects is true?

A. The QCSCN has the highest annual operating cost.

B. The TMSR has the lowest annual operating cost.

C. The SMT's annual operating cost is 25% higher than that of the QCSCN.

D. The TMSR's annual operating cost is 40% higher than that of the SMT.

6. If the construction of the projects takes five years as planned, and the annual inflation rate in China remains at 3% during this period, approximately how much will the total cost of the projects be in yuan at the end of the construction period?

A. 120 billion yuan

B. 124 billion yuan

C. 138 billion yuan

D. 142 billion yuan

7. Suppose that due to technological advancements, the cost of building the SMT is reduced by 20%, and the savings are equally distributed among the other two projects. What is the new cost breakdown for each project in USD?

A. QCSCN: $5.4 billion; TMSR: $8.4 billion; SMT: $4.2 billion

B. QCSCN: $5.1 billion; TMSR: $8.1 billion; SMT: $4.8 billion

C. QCSCN: $4.8 billion; TMSR: $7.8 billion; SMT: $5.4 billion

D. QCSCN: $4.2 billion; TMSR: $7.2 billion; SMT: $6.6 billion

8. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about the potential impact of the Thorium Molten Salt Reactor (TMSR) project?

A. The TMSR will completely replace traditional uranium-based reactors in China.

B. The TMSR will make China the world leader in thorium-based nuclear power.

C. The TMSR will likely increase China's reliance on nuclear power in the future.

D. The TMSR will have a higher environmental impact than traditional uranium-based reactors.

9. The passage suggests that the Superconducting Maglev Train (SMT) will likely have all of the following effects EXCEPT:

A. Reducing travel time between Beijing and Shanghai

B. Showcasing China's technological capabilities

C. Providing a more environmentally friendly transportation option

D. Eliminating the need for air travel between Beijing and Shanghai

1. 答案:C。根据题干中的描述,QCSCN的主要目的是使用量子密钥分发协议来保护敏感的政府和军事通信免受网络威胁和窃听。选项A和B分别提到了提高通信速度和降低成本,但这些都不是QCSCN的主要目的。选项D提到了展示中国在量子计算方面的优势,但这也不是QCSCN的主要目标。

2. 答案:A。题干中提到,与传统的铀基反应堆相比,钍的优势在于它更丰富,产生的长寿命放射性废物更少,并且更能抵抗核扩散。选项B和C分别提到了钍反应堆建设和运营成本更低,以及功率输出和效率更高,但这些并非题干中提到的主要优势。选项D提到钍反应堆可用于核武器生产,但这与题干信息相悖,因为题干提到钍更抗核扩散。

3. 答案:C。题干明确提到,SMT的设计时速为800公里。

4. 答案:C。题干中提到,三个项目的总成本为1200亿元人民币,QCSCN和SMT合计700亿元。因此,TMSR的成本为1200亿元 - 700亿元 = 500亿元。题干还提到,根据2023年的汇率,500亿元人民币约合75亿美元。因此,TMSR项目的成本为75亿美元。

5. 答案。根据题干提供的信息,TMSR的年运营成本为35亿元人民币(5.25亿美元),SMT的年运营成本为25亿元人民币(3.75亿美元)。TMSR的年运营成本比SMT高出(35亿元 - 25亿元) / 25亿元 = 40%。

6. 答案:C。如果建设期为5年,且在此期间中国的年通货膨胀率保持在3%,那么根据复利计算公式:

总成本 = 120 × (1 + 3%)^5 ≈ 1380亿元人民币。

7. 答案:B。如果由于技术进步,SMT的建设成本降低了20%,则SMT的新成本为:

400亿元 × (1 - 20%) = 320亿元

节省的成本为400亿元 - 320亿元 = 80亿元

如果将节省的成本平均分配给其他两个项目,则每个项目将获得80亿元 ÷ 2 = 40亿元的额外资金。

因此,新的成本分配为:

QCSCN: 300亿元 + 40亿元 = 340亿元(51亿美元)

TMSR: 500亿元 + 40亿元 = 540亿元(81亿美元)

SMT: 320亿元(48亿美元)

8. 答案:C。从题干中可以推断,TMSR项目旨在证明钍基核电作为一种安全、高效、环保的能源形式的可行性。如果项目成功,它可能会增加中国未来对核电的依赖。题干没有提供足够的信息来支持其他选项。

9. 答案。题干提到,SMT将把北京到上海的旅行时间缩短到仅略多于一小时,表明它将大大减少这两个城市之间的旅行时间(选项A)。题干还提到,SMT将展示中国的先进技术能力(选项B),并提供一种更加环保的交通选择(选项C)。然而,题干没有暗示SMT将完全消除北京和上海之间的航空旅行需求(选项D)

徐公子~

CR1
我的答案：C
正确答案：C
选项分析
A：符合前提，但此选项只是支持main conclusion的论据
B：不符合前提，未提及事实存在的就业机会减少
C：符合前提，main conclusion
D：前提只说不建议补助风能公司，未提及政府应该要做什么，过于主观
E：前提只说了风能公司提供就业岗位少于其他发电站，但不说明其他发电站很好

CR2
我的答案：A
正确答案：A
P：古生物学家在一个地区发现了大小恐龙足迹
C：恐龙群居，大的保护小的
选项分析
A：足迹在不同沉积层，说明生活在不同时期
B：其他地区情况无关
C：恐龙种类是否已知无关
D：不太相关，既可以说明确实群居，也可以说明独居的恐龙都走这条路
E：加强

RC
我的答案：CBCBD
正确答案：CBCBD
文章主旨：量子力学因为反直觉的特性被广泛争论和解读

Kalendstyyyyyy

看一下！               

Kalendstyyyyyy

CR
CA
1.conclusion
2.削弱

RC
CBCBD

DI
CACCDCBCD

Yeelin椰林

【CR】
1、D：A太片面，没提到subsidy。B一样太片面，没讲wind powercompany。C因果错了。E不太相关。
2、C：原文的因果关系就是同一空间有大有小的脚印而推断出恐龙是群居的。C说这个大小差异是一致的，那就说明可能是同一只恐龙的前后脚。

【RC】
CBCBD
结构：
1、量子力学引发哲学争论并产生了广泛的解释。
2、其中一个人的解释，Copenhagen。
3、量子理论创始人的看法及其他理论和实验依据。

【DI】
CACCDBBDB错的原因：没按复利计算。
最后一题错的原因，没读完全段，着急写答案了，且也没有说是完全消除空运。

Rita糖糖

CR
C, A

RC
C, B, C, B, D

1. 量子力学反常识，没人嫩个理解
2. Copenhangen的interpretation说明量子力学每次实验背景都很重要， 实验结果不是简单的因果可以解释的
3. Einstein反对这个说法，John Bell证明Einstiein是错的。

为了G700

第一题，演绎题，选C。没有任何其他添加的推倒出答案。
P：政府不应该补贴风能公司，因为对比其他能源公司，他们雇用更少的员工，那样会导致整体的工作机会减少。

A.风能企业对比其他能源公司在雇佣上是没有效率的.(雇佣少说明效率高）
B.工作机会的减少是一个应该被政府重视的重要因素.(讲政府补贴.)
C.补贴风能的公司会对总体的工作机会产生负面影响.(文中结论）
D.政府补贴应该直接去到创造更多工作机会的行业.(没讲其他行业）
E.因为高的雇佣率，其他能源公司更受欢迎.(没讲受不受欢迎。）

第二题，削弱题，选A。
P：P学家发现大小恐龙的脚印在一起。
C：在这个群体里生活的恐龙，更大的恐龙会照顾更小的。

A.大小脚印被发现在底泥的不同层面，表明他们不是在同一时间产生的。
B. 在其他的地方没有发现类似的种类。（无关）
C. 脚印大小的差异和已知的恐龙种类的是一致的.(加强）
D. 这个脚印发现的区域是不同大小恐龙的相同路径。(没说大小恐龙的关系）
E.证据表明小恐龙经常跟着大恐龙寻求保护.(加强）

E杀G必成功

CR: D(C) A
RC: CBCBD
DI: CCCCD; CBCD

为了G700

Day84 RC
P1:量子力学从一开始就引起了哲学辩论，因为许多的反直觉的部分和结果也催生了无数的解释。
P2: 哥本哈根的解释保持了更宽泛的接受量子力学的形式主义，而它的应用一定参考实验的安排。
P3:Albert 反对在测量的决定论的缺乏，认为现在的理论是不完整的。

1.C, 第一段第一句。
2.B，第二段。
3.C，第三段。
4.❌D，答案B，第三段。
5.D，文中第一句说明了主旨，而后面都是在Debates。

可记单词：
quantum mechanics：量子力学
spawned numerous interpretation: 催生了无数的解释
inception：初始
amplitude: 波幅
formalism：形式主义
articulation：关节；清晰度
deterministic: 确定性
determinism: 决定论;宿命论
causality:因果律
a final renunciation: 最后的放弃
owing to: 由于
complementarity: 互补;互通有无
a founding father :开国元勋
A objected to B : 甲反对乙
underpin:支撑
a robust critique: 强有力的批评
epistemologist: 认识论者

红烩chatgpt

看一下！