[揽瓜阁精读] 268. 石油

香草安然

主旨：how did plate tectonics affect the formation of oil and gas reservoirs
P1 Plate tectonics determines the location of oil and gas reservoirs
P2 oil and gas result from low oxygen area
P3Plate tectonics --geologic path--oil and gas reservoir
P4 Plate tectonics --pressure cooker--oil and gas reservoir

xixio

268----介绍原理---介绍板块运动是如何帮助oil and gas的产生
生词：scarce稀少的         Plate tectonics板块结构        buoyant漂浮的
Plate tectonics determines the location of oil and gas---best key--->deserts and arctic areas
Four types of areas hold most of the oil and gas: deserts; arctic areas; river deltas; continental margins offshore
板块运动主要是影响前两个产地的oil and gas，后两个不关事，但也是盛产的

条件和原理
Oli and gas<----rapid burial of dead microorganisms (oxygen is so scarce--->maintain the hydrogen-carbon bonds (necessary ingredient)

具体讲如何影响的
Newly developing ocean basins (formed by Plate tectonics) ---provide the right conditions for rapid burial and carry abundant organic remains and also have lower oxygen levels + example (Gulf of California and Gulf of Mexico)
Plate tectonics --->geologic paths: Movement from swamps, river deltas and mild climates to the poles and deserts + example
Plate tectonics creating the “pressure cooker” --->matures the organics into oil and gas
Giving the oil and gas plenty of time to migrate on the back of plate movement
The hydrocarbons are much more buoyant--->to the surface
Tectonic forces-->free the mature oil and gas from deep within sedimentary basins and then trap these organic fluids in reservoirs before they escape to the earth’s surface

Premiere

268 石油 18’18
P1: plate tectonic（地壳构造上的）determine the location of oil and gas reservoirs and important for us to understand why desers and arctichole the latgest hydeo reserves on earth.
P2: oil and gas result from dead microorganisms. Places lack of oxygen and with abundant organic remains is good place to produce oil and gas. e.g. GC GM
P3T also provides locations and conditions for anoxic burial. continental drift subduction and collision provide organic movements so organic(oil and gas) can be found today. E.g. LSD&A
P4: PT create “pressure cooker”which can turn organics into oil and gas though this process take millions of years. Hydrocarbons more buoyant（有浮力的）, tectonic forces can trap mature oil to the reservoirs before escape to the earth’s surface