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- 2022-9-6
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- 1970-1-1
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215.Mass Extinctions
P1:describe extinction
・mass extinction
・Permian less attention → unfamiliar
P2:describe extinction rates
・today’s extinction rate = past
・6th extinction is in process
P3:hypotheses of high extinction rates
・weather changes
・ecological changes
・some in a short time, other took a long time
・fail consider the simultaneous extinction on land and in the seas
・humans’ hunting and habitat destruction likely to cause current mass extinction
P4:new idea: extinction is periodically & new hypothesis: star hits Earth
P5:new and most attractive hypothesis: asteroid-impact
・L&WA(Alvarez)
・Earth collided the asteroid → dark the sky several years
・massive starvation: herbivores → carnivores
・suddenly mass extinction
P6:test asteroid-impact hypothesis
・presence of Ir: Earth’s crust contains little, but asteroid contains a lot
・have a briefly dramatic increase in Ir → support the hypothesis
P7:another evidence
・crater, heat-shocked quartz and secondary craters
・found several secondary craters and heat-shocked quart
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