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- 2022-10-6
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Main Idea: Discuss the real reason of agrarian development in 14th century (出题:primary purpose)
P1: Long-exercised passive relationship
At the beginning, tenants servile status and legally subordinate to their lords - shape the tenurial relationship - tenure determined the supply of holdings and the form and level of rents charged
Recently: feudal tenurial relationship sanctioned and facilitated the extra-economic exploitation of tenants by their lords
Together, rent and arbitrariness discourged and depressed tenant investment in agriculture.
Meanwhile, lords more interested in ... than in ... Upshot was a vicious circle of ...
Attitude: discourage, depressed, underinvestment ...NEGATIVE (农户受到剥削,不投资农业,同时地主不关心土地的生产力和利润 - 死循环) (出题:态度有关细节题)
P2: Argue the real position of tenants
Such long exercised a compelling appeal ... Nevertheless, increasingly difficult to reconcile with historical evidence.
Preoccupation overlook the numerous ... Free mostly paid fixed and low rents and their property rights enjoyed protection ...
More substantial, well off. In reality, only a minority ... 其实不是,大批的农户只需要付很少的租金,他们的权利还受法律保护,很强势的。(出题:态度有关细节题)
Tenants effective at opposing raise rents and increase labour service ... They did so by ...
Summary - tenants right often proved more powerful than landlord right.
P3: Point out the real reason of agrarian problem in early 14th century
what? it was because lords .... 是地主的错 (出题:第三段的作用)
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