[揽瓜阁精读] 17. 工业革命女权

muqi10ab

1. IP持一种观点工业革命时Economic changes降低了女性的economic  power.一种例外的情况是textile factories给了women一些工作机会。但是这些机会是有限的，而且在家生产textile的女性没办法和纺织厂竞争。IP指出一个好处是home变成了私人空间而不是生产商品的空间。
2. P的观点被大部分历史学家忽略了，认为工业革命给女性带来了工作机会。P的研究也有一定的局限性。
Lament
Provocative
1. Which of the following best expresses the main point of the passage? D
A. Pinchbeck's theories remain little-known because orthodox historians have dismissed and in some cases refuted them.
B. Pinchbeck concluded that certain aspects of women's lives improved with Britain's transition from a preindustrial to an industrial economy.
C. Pinchbeck's research has been repudiated by historians because it did not produce clear conclusions about women's participation in the workforce.
D. Pinchbeck's work, unlike that of other historians, suggested that the effects of industrialization on women were complex.
E. Pinchbeck's work has been instrumental in focusing recent scholarship on women in the age of industrialization.

2. Pinchbeck's work, as described in the passage, suggests which of the following about women during the industrial revolution in Britain? A
A. Women's wage labor opportunities varied somewhat from region to region. (were confined to a few regions)
B. Women became more economically independent during the industrial revolution than they had been prior to the late eighteenth century. X
C. Women were forced to manufacture an increasingly varied range of products in the home in order to compete with mechanized production. X
D. Industrialization had a greater impact on women's economic condition in Britain than it had on women's economic condition in other parts of Europe. (Didn’t mention)
E. Industrialization had a greater impact on women's economic condition in rural areas than it did in urban areas. (didn’t mention)

3. According to the passage, Pinchbeck asserts which of the following about domestic life during the industrial revolution? E
A. It became more difficult when industrialization consigned women to the margins of economic activity.
B. It became strained as more women entered the industrial workforce.
C. It was not significantly altered by the economic effects of the industrial revolution.
D. It improved because men's and women's work activities became more clearly differentiated. X
E. It improved as commercial goods were no longer produced in the home.

Leilanico

观点对比型文章。
概述：作者介绍了历史学家IP对英国工业革命环境下女性经济地位变化的观点以及正统历史学家对此不同观点的对比。作者偏向IP的观点以及IP认为工业革命中的女权研究很复杂，还需要更多的reserche。
第一段： IP认为英国工业革命的女性经济地位下降，更依赖于男性工资。女性工作机会很少。就算有，也在一些少许的regions中纺织业工厂里给女性提供工作机会。大部分地区的女性只能在家纺织挣一些钱补贴家用，也使得当时的家变成了商业活动地点。（IP对这个现象呈负态度）
第二段：其他正统历史学家和IP观点相反。
IP认为上述的工业革命女权研究很complex，需要更多的研究来下定义。给出论据支持。

Leilanico

练习题答案：DAE

0320zjx

Jiang233

1 提出观点：在英国工业革命期间的经济变化减少了妇女的经济权力通过增加她们对男性打工人的依赖。
举例：textile工厂给女性提供新的劳动机会。
但是这些只在一小部分区域。更多妇女是在家生产和交易texttiles, 这种传统的cottage行业不能和工业生产相比。
她指出这种把居家办公变成主要的工作场所，以及不支付在家的女工人是不适当的经济活动的利润。
她同样认为本地生活会随着家成为私人场所而不是生产商品的地点而提高。
2 反驳。工业革命给女性创造了新的工作机会，尤其是生产。
但是，不完全的分析表示工业革命对妇女的影响非常负责并且有待进一步研究。
举例：地方不同，支付不同。

Jiang233

CAE

王寅wy

P1：历史学家IP认为工业革命的经济变化削弱了女性的经济力量，因为他提升了女性对男性wage的依赖性；但有例外，纺织业，可能给女性创造新的工作机会；但只有一些地区的纺织业可以，因为妇女在家中做的纺织业可以能难以和工厂做的相竞争；IP感慨work从家里变到工作中心，但是这样可以提升家庭生活；
P2：正统的历史学家忽略IP的观点，他们认为工业革命创造了更多的工作岗位，作者认为IP的启发性的分析展示了了工业革命对女性的影响是复杂的，需要进一步研究；最后举了个例子小范围的研究阐明女性境况的地区差异；

eyeofssstorm

感谢分享！               

eyeofssstorm

工业革命对女性的经济地位有冲击，让她们对男性更加依赖 > 反驳： 不全是这样的，在少数地区的纺织行业是例外。家庭内的纺织业没法和工业化生产相比。但也有一个好处，会让家和工作环境完全分开。
正统学者无视了IP的观点，认为工业革命为女性提供了大量工作机会。但IP引人深思但不全面的观点表明工业革命带给女性的改变是复杂且需要进一步研究的。

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DAE 全对

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