揽瓜阁 逻辑做题小分队Day145

小白斩鸡

请大家在本帖回复：
1. 文章大概结构
2. 自己写的答案

解析+文章翻译明晚微信群里公布

报名活动，加微信号killgmat

Athletic coach: A recent survey of secondary school athletes revealed that those who use vitamins, protein powder, and other similar nutritional supplements were much more likely to be successful in athletics than those who do not. This is clear evidence that such supplements are indeed effective.

The athletic coach's argument is most vulnerable to criticism on which of the following grounds?

A. It overlooks the possibility that athletes might not reveal anything that might be perceived as giving them an unfair advantage.

B. It overlooks the possibility that athletes who are more likely to achieve athletic success even without nutritional supplements are more likely to use such supplements.

C. It takes for granted that athletes engaged in team sports would be affected by supplements in the same way as competitors in nonteam sports.

D. It fails to adequately address the possibility that among those who achieve athletic success, some might be more fit than others regardless of whether they take supplements or not.

E. It fails to adequately address the possibility that what is true of athletes as a group might not be true of certain individual athletes.

Over the past 30 years in the country of Mama, there has been a dramatic increase in the proportion of citizens who are over age sixty-five. New medical treatments made possible by advances in medical knowledge have contributed to increases in the average life span. This increase in medical knowledge, therefore, must have caused the increase in the proportion of Marnese citizens over age sixty-five.

Which of the following, if true of Mama, most seriously weakens the argument above?

A. There has been a marked decrease in the birth rate over the past 30 years.

B. Over the past 30 years there has been a marked increase in the funding available for medical research.

C. The number of citizens who have undergone surgery has increased each year over the past 30 years.

D. The infant mortality rate has remained stable over the past 30 years.

E. Medical techniques are now available to treat certain diseases that particularly affect people over the age of sixty-five.

参考答案：BA

yjjy3712

be

NCse

m

Petitedanidan

thanks

Petitedanidan

thanks

zyycn

1、现象：吃补充剂的运动员更容易成功，原因：补充剂有效果。
问weaken
思考：果因论证，考虑他因削弱或因果倒置

A：运动员不会透露可能被视为不公平优势的信息。不管透不透露，前提都已知他们吃了补充剂。
B：更容易成功的运动员，更倾向于吃补充剂。正确，因果倒置。
C：球类运动员会像非球类运动员一样被补充剂影响。无关。
D：成功的运动员里，有的不管吃不吃补充剂都更健康。对比对象无关。
E：对于群体不一定适用于个人。讨论的就是群体。

选B

2、现象：最近30年M国65岁以上人口比例大幅增长，原因：医疗知识增长使得医疗水平提高、寿命增加。
问weaken
思考：果因论证，考虑他因削弱

A：过去30年出生率大幅下降。正确，小孩减少、人口老龄化才是原因。
B：医疗研究经费大涨。方向反。
C：做手术的人数大增。方向反。
D：婴儿死亡率保持稳定。无法削弱。
E：现在医疗技术可以治疗65岁人群的疾病。方向反。

选A

suzeding

BA

svwma

BA

Adamwarrior

BA