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Researchers Alex Thornton and Katherine McAuliffe observed populations of meerkats—small African mammals of the mongoose family—in the wild and tallied over 2,000 occasions in which adult meerkats caught prey for pups. The researchers noted that whereas only 65 percent of the prey presented to the youngest pups were alive, nearly 90 percent of the prey given to the oldest pups were still living. They hypothesized that adult meerkats altered their behavior in order to teach the pups through experience to kill their prey. Thornton and McAuliffe argue that two experiments they performed confirm their hypothesis. In the first, because an adult meerkat will often catch prey to present to pups it hears but that are out of sight, the researchers played recordings of the begging calls of meerkat pups to foraging adults. They found that the adults’ behavior varied with the age of the meerkats whose calls were being played; the younger the sound of the call, the greater the percentage of killed prey they presented. In the second experiment, the researchers gave one group of meerkat pups meals consisting of live scorpions with their stingers removed and gave another group meals of hard-boiled eggs. After three days, all the pups were given live scorpions; those that had earlier been given live scorpions subdued theirs—whereas two-thirds of the pups that had been given eggs did not.
1.Which of the following most accurately states the main idea of the passage? A. Thornton and McAuliffe have argued that experimental results indicate that meerkats teach their pups certain skills through experience. B. Experiments confirm the hypothesis that meerkat pups develop their ability to kill their prey through watching adult meerkats kill their own prey. C. Research conducted by Thornton and McAuliffe reveals that meerkats behave differently toward their young in captivity than they do in the wild. D. Two experiments indicate that the reason adult meerkats usually present dead prey to the youngest pups is that these pups are not ready to learn to kill on their own. E. Through their research on meerkats, Thornton and McAuliffe have developed general procedures for testing whether an animal species is capable of teaching.
2.According to the passage, which of the following is true of adult meerkats? A. They tend to bring more prey to younger pups than to older ones. B. They remove the stingers of the scorpions they present to their young. C. Scorpions are their favored source of food. D. Auditory cues from pups can influence whether they give live or dead prey to their pups. E. They provide all of the food their pups eat until the pups reach adulthood.
3. The passage most strongly suggests that the foraging ability of meerkat pups A. can, while they are still pups, come to surpass that of the average adult meerkat B. is instinctive but can improve through observation of adult meerkats’ killing their prey C. may not develop effectively if the pups are fed dead rather than live food D. will develop well only in those pups that make begging calls E. becomes most effective if the pups are always given the same type of food
参考答案： ADC
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发表于 2021-6-1 09:11:38
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