是原文吗?
很不幸的俺也碰到了巨inhuman的Jim Crow..确实。。看不懂,看到了一些意群却连不起来。。不误导大家了,刚才网上查了半天也没收获。。。唯独对其中一题记的清楚,也是好几位提到的那题,在第一段中间,句式记得比较清楚, Unlike(like)某H,NeilR. McMillen 认为(不认为)that,according to C. VannWoodward,preceded。。。中间这几个关系有点绕记不清了,但是句式就是以Neil R. McMillen为核心,前面说了像还是不像另外一个人的观点,中间一个插入语说了Neil R. McMillen赞成还是不赞成的那个观点是C.Vann Woodward提出来的,问题就是问这三个人观点间的关系,我选的选项记得是Neil R. McMillen和xx的不同。。总之大家可以关注下这题的,这题感觉还是能解的。 Identifying white supremacy as themost salient and pervasive force in Mississippi'shistory between Reconstruction and the New Deal, McMillen engages tworelated interpretive debates on the nature and evolution of race relations inthe South. First, he argues, the social relations of slavery gave way to an"informal code of exclusion and discrimination" (p. 5), which in turn evolved into legally mandated separation and disfranchisement. Like Howard Rabinowitz, McMillensees little of the flickering light discernedby C. Vann Woodward, no period offluidity precedingthe codification of Jim Crow.' Indeed the very"confidence of the dominant race" (p. 9) in the universal recognitionof the imperatives of place made legislation unnecessary for twodecades. Ironically, it was the perception of a threat to rigidity that provoked the construction of a legal edifice to enforce an already familiar definition ofplace. Spatial contact was relatively insignificant; what mattered washierarchy. Second, race relations were not functions of class relations;if white supremacy was an ideology, itwas not merely an ideology. It was not placed in the service of class hegemony,but rather seems to have been an ideal,even to the extent that one can speak of "white interests."McMillen's Mississippi has been shapedlargely by continuity in the content and function of white supremacy, an ideology closely tiedto the equally stable plantation system,but with a logic and legitimacy of its own. What changes are the strategies adopted by black Mississippians in"their struggles to achieve autonomy and full citizenship" (p. xiii). 第二段:有一派政治家,叫做reconstruction politicians,他们曾经尝试制止这种种族歧视的不断发展,但是并未成功。由于Mississipi的黑人不想一直面对这种尖锐的种族歧视,他们开始迁移到美国的北方城市以及一些南部城市,这也就是后来所称的Great Migration。这种大规模的迁移造成了南方劳动力的短缺,在一定程度上起到了抑制种族歧视的效果。
If the continuity ofwhite supremacy provides the context of the dark journey through the age of Jim Crow, the shiftingresponses to oppressiondefine the stages of that journey. For two decades after"Redemption," leadership continued to rest in the hands of Reconstruction politicians,many of whom had held office. Concerned less about segregation than inequality,they directly―and unsuccessfully―challenged the emerginglegal structure andthe increasingly rigid definitions ofplace. Their successors accepted Jim Crow and subordination as inevitable, but not as either natural or legitimate.The alternative to accommodation, in theeyes of Isaiah Montgomery and Mississippi's disciples of Booker T. Washington,was "unrestrainedracial conflict they would surelylose" (p. 288). The final stage of the journey, initiated by the Great Migration duringWorld War I and symbolized by the "New Negro" was characterized by pragmatic opportunism.Still disinclined toward militant protest,Mississippi's black leadership seized upon the Great Migration as a political lever, whose forcedrew upon the South's dependence on black labor. Thedistinctions between stages one and two seem blurred by overlapping leadership and a continuedconservative bent. More emblematic of a third stage, I suspect, are the Great Migration itself―the refusal ofthousands of black Mississippians toaccept the places available in the Jim Crow South―and the"surprising number" who joined Mississippi chapters of the UniversalNegro Improvement Association.
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