【阅读】02/15起粤督寂静整理(02/26更新，47篇原始，40篇考古）

相叶忍

目录

一、【暂无考古】英国女性地位

二、【考古】Creative brand logo

三、【考古】两地雕像

四、【考古】Pueblo语言

五、【考古】哲学

六、【考古】蚂蚁

七、【考古】美国投资

八、【考古】农作物出口

九、【考古】Milkweeds

十、【考古】女权1500

十一、        【考古】美国公司

十二、        【考古】Feminism和women rights

十三、        【暂无考古】全球变暖

十四、        【考古】交通规划

十五、        【暂无考古】汽车维修

十六、        【考古】mantle和iron

十七、        【考古】超市策略

十八、        【考古】大脑和电线

十九、        【考古】佛教

二十、        【考古】Hierarchymodel

二十一、  【考古】Grammar

二十二、  【考古】Group size

二十三、  【考古】Scorecard

二十四、  【暂无考古】女性科学家

二十五、  【考古】模型

二十六、  【考古】雌鸟择偶和羽毛

二十七、  【考古】非洲电影

二十八、  【考古】荷兰病

二十九、  【考古】行星轨道

三十、        【考古】女性贷款meeting

三十一、  【暂无考古】动物觅食

三十二、  【考古】泰勒管理

三十三、  【考古】陶器

三十四、  【暂无考古】IP

三十五、  【考古】Physicaldistance

三十六、  【考古】地球液态水

三十七、  【考古】广告香水

三十八、  【考古】Venus

三十九、  【考古】Wound dressing

四十、        【考古】女性教育

四十一、  【考古】C12

四十二、  【考古】Mortgage

四十三、  【考古】咖啡

四十四、  【考古】橡胶

四十五、  【暂无考古】饥饿营销

四十六、  【考古】Lele league

四十七、  【考古】Marketpioneer

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2019/02/15起寂静整理汇总
【原始汇总】2019/02/15起原始狗汇总 by Cinderella灰
https://forum.chasedream.com/thread-1339514-1-1.html
【数学】2019/02/15起数学寂静原始稿 by qv0518
https://forum.chasedream.com/thread-1339546-1-1.html
【阅读】2019/02/15起阅读整理 by huajiananhai
https://forum.chasedream.com/thread-1339569-1-1.html
【IR】2019/02/15起IR寂静整理 by Super鳄鱼杭
https://forum.chasedream.com/thread-1339609-1-1.html
【作文】2019/02/15起作文寂静整理 by qv0518
https://forum.chasedream.com/thread-1339547-1-1.html

KKL4EVER

谢谢

sxkbb

感谢！太及时了！

Jcclover

顶楼主！               

Yuanxiyan

感谢

daladala__

zhongce

感谢

船长约瑟夫

这么优秀的！

Taeriy

billyisfragile!

JOURNAL ARTICLE
Volume Transmission in the Brain
Luigi F. Agnati, Börje Bjelke and Kjell Fuxe
American Scientist
Vol. 80, No. 4 (July-August 1992), pp. 362-373
Published by: Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Honor Society
https://www.jstor.org/stable/29774687
Page Count: 12

第一段·讲人的大脑 传统的process information 和electrical xxx 差不多--过程中electrons along the wire。。就像这样neurons就会along一个东西 然后传递信息 还提到了synapass

How does the brain process information? The common answer to the question relies on the same model that engineers have used to design electrical circuits and rail networks. Just as electrons flow along wires in a circuit, the neurons in the brain relay information along structured pathways, passing messages across specific points of contact called synapses. Information can no more leave the neuronal circuitry than a train can safely leave its tracks.

But there is increasing evidence that neurons can communicate without making intimate contact. The relaying of messages across synapses may be the fastest means of processing information, but it is quite likely that information often leaves the track. Some communication in the brain might be like a radio broadcast, where signals travel through the air and can be picked up by any properly equipped receiver. This mode of communication is called volume transmission. The medium of communication is the great fluid-filled space between the cells of the brain, and the carriers of the messages are chemical and electrical signals that travel through the space and can be detected by any cell with the appropriate receptor.

第二段说了第二种叫“volume transmission”的方式，区别于传统的process 但是是一种complements 并不是alternative 具体的过程不记得了好像是和blood stream什么的有关是一种类比吧

二段：大脑传输信息除此之外还有第二种传递方式，同过对细胞的影响。通过释放一种东东，不影响邻近的细胞，而通过细胞间的space 间的液体 ，影响bain的远离神经元的细胞，与gland 分泌荷尔蒙影响远离的细胞很相似。这种方式以第一种方式为基础，不与其矛盾。强调了这两种模式的共存，互相不排斥。然后讲了一下第二种模式对人的作用。

Over the past several years we have developed a theory of volume transmission in the brain. It is not an alternative to the traditional view, commonly called wiring or synaptic transmission, but a complement to that established theory. Neurons clearly relay signals efficiently and quickly across synapses; the processing of the words you are reading now is undoubtedly being handled in that way. But our experiments have shown that neurons also release chemical signals into the extracellular space that are not necessarily detected by neighboring cells but by cells far away, in the same way that hormones released by a gland into the bloodstream can have effects on cells far away. These processes occur on much longer time scales than does synaptic transmission, and they probably play a distinct role, perhaps regulating or modulating the brain’s responses to synaptic signals.