小兵张嘎的逻辑难题之一

小兵张嘎

An examination of corruption provides the basis for rejecting the view that an exact science of society can ever be constructed. As with all other social phenomena that involve deliberate secrecy, it is intrinsically impossible to measure corruption, and this is not merely due to the fact that social science has not yet reached its goal, achievable to be sure, of developing adequate quantifying techniques. If people were ready to answer question about their embezzlements and bribes, it would their embezzlements and bribes, it would mean that these practices had acquired the character of legitimate, taxable activities and had ceased to be corrupt. In other words, corruption must disappear if it is to be measurable**********

Which one of the following most accurately states a hidden assumption that the author must make in order to advance the argument above
(A) Some people believe that an exact science of society can be constructed.
(B) The primary purpose of an exact science to quantify and measure phenomena
(C) An intrinsic characteristic of social phenomena that involve deliberate secrecy is that they cannot be measured.
(D) An exact science of social phenomena that involve deliberate secrecy cannot be constructed.
(E) An exact science can be constructed only when the phenomena it studies can be measured.


给个思路，多谢！

shany

这道题算是lsat有代表性的题目，大量无关细节和概念影响理解 。其实只需关注的就是首句和末句，结论前提。 An exact science of society can not be constucted，as corruption is impossible to be measured .答案为E.假设的必要条件。only 为标志词。

困难是弹簧

shany牛牛讲得对。 结论是an exact science of society can not be constructed.前提是it is intrinsically impossible to measure corruption，后面是对不可测的解释。

不可测推不可建，则假设了只有可测才可建。
if not A, then not B==== 只有A，才能B

shany

以下是引用困难是弹簧在2003-3-30 19:12:00的发言：
不可测推不可建，则假设了只有可测才可建
if not A, then not B==== 只有A，才能B

弹簧的解释清晰多了，谢谢。

Bensontuo

小兵张嘎 发表于 2003-3-27 18:08
An examination of corruption provides the basis for rejecting the view that an exact science of soci ...

Spot the question type: Necessary Assumption

Core of the argument:

( Exam ---> society can't be constructed. ) ---> if involve deliberate secrecy ---> impossible to measure corruption ---> no achieve the goal of developing adequate quantifying tech.

If ready to answer E + B ---> their e + B ---> practices acquired the character + cease to be corrupt

So If measurable ---> Corruption disappear = Corruption not disappear ---> not measurable

let us dive into the answer.

A. Negate the answer - No one believe that an exact science of society can be constructed. Regardless of whether you believe or no, its not really relevant to the argument

B. Regardless of whether it is primary purpose or not, it's not really relevant to the original argument

C. Shell game answer - 原文說, 當所有其他社會現象包含故意的隱藏, 這代表了本質上, 腐敗是無法測量的, 這裡把句型換成, 一個社會現象的本質包含了故意的隱藏的時候, 這個“ 社會現象” 是無法測量的。 亂寫一通

D. Mistaken reversal ( If society can't be constructed ---> it must involve deliberate secrecy ---> can't be measured ) 而這裡變成 ( If involve deliberate secrecy, it can't not be constructed )

E. Negate it ( If it can be constructed ---> it can " not " be measured ) 完全推翻原文邏輯

If it can be measured, it must be constructed, 可是這裡變成, If it can be measured, it can't be constructed.