[揽瓜阁精读] 307. The atrocities committed during the Second World War

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The atrocities committed during the Second World War by the National Socialists are well known and have been meticulously documented by historians. Far less known, however, are the mass deportations that took place almost two years after the conclusion of the war, this time orchestrated by the Allied governments. In the years after 1945, over 12 million German-speaking citizens of Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, and Poland were dispossessed, packed into trains, and left to fend for themselves in newly defeated and impoverished Germany. What allowed for this mass exile—the largest forced migration in history—was the confluence of political motivations on the part of the key players. The expelling countries of Eastern and Central Europe were especially keen on punishing Germans for the horrors of the war—though, of course, their own German-speaking populations were hardly responsible for Germany’s actions—and on increasing the ethnic homogeneity within their borders. The Allied powers, too, had something to gain. The Soviet Union, intent on capitalizing politically on German’s defeat, aimed to irrevocably undermine relations between Germany and Poland, especially by ceding German territory to Poland and emptying it of its inhabitants. Britain, weary from the war, hoped the resulting mass suffering would reinforce the completeness of Germany’s defeat. And the United States, in turn, was attempting to cozy up to the nations of Eastern and Central Europe in the hopes of keeping them away from Soviet influence.

The result of the deportations, however, was the death of at least 500,000 people and Germany’s acquisition of a homeless population far greater than that of any other industrialized country. The death toll was not far worse, furthermore, only because the Soviets’ ambition to cripple Germany was unsuccessful. Following the war, Germany underwent what is known as its “economic miracle,” which made it possible to house, feed, and employ the mass of exiles. That this episode is practically excised from the history books in some countries, however, is surely corroboration of the platitude that history is written by the victors.

查不喜欢

战后两年的历史没有被记录；
战后，很多德国人被发配到被打败的、残破地区，这是历史上最大的移民，是核心玩家的影响
阐述了各个国家的做法：The Soviet Union，减少德国和波兰的联系；英国想让德国彻底失败，和美国想亲近欧洲，远离俄国
这次的迁徙导致了死亡，但是还好，Soviets失败了。后面有经济奇迹，但是这段却在历史书上消失了，历史由胜利者撰写

calll

【主题思路】
二战后德国人在欧洲各地被实施的暴行

【文章结构】
二战德国战败 欧洲各地的德国人被迫回到德国 战胜国在利用胜利谋取福利 德国人没有住所, 死亡 德国神奇的恢复了经济胜利的国家写历史

【段落大意】
1.         二战时national socialists的暴行是众所周知的. 但是二战后两年内同盟国持续地对德国人的暴行还在继续. 在欧洲(特别是中欧和东欧)说德语的公民被迫回到了二战后的德国(历史上最大的被迫移民). 苏联想利用德国战败而破坏德国和波兰的关系. 英国、美国等国家也在利用胜利来谋取利益.
2.        德国人被迫回到德国导致了50万人死亡, 以及很多人无家可归. 德国在战后经历了“economic miracle”, 却被胜利国从历史书上删除.

Eunice12

词汇
atrocities 暴行
deportations 驱逐
exile流亡

文章结构
P1:
1、引出话题：二战国家社会主义者的暴行被广为人知且被历史学家记录。但是二战后的驱逐不出名
2、Fact：在1945年后，超过12百万的德国人被驱逐回战败贫困的德国
3、原因：驱逐的原因是主要参与者的政治动机
4、解释原因：
东欧和中欧--想惩罚德国+提升种族的同源性
苏维埃联盟--削弱德国和波兰的关系
英国--增强德国完全溃败
美国--和东欧中欧打好关系

P2:
1、驱逐的结果：导致大批人死亡和德国无家可归人口远超其他工业化国家
2、死亡人数没有更糟的原因是苏维埃削弱德国的野心失败
Fact+观点: 德国在战时经历了经济奇迹，但这一事实被部分国家的历史删除了，证明历史是由胜利者撰写

yuxuanwu

1-the main idea of the essay: deportation after WWII
      -the number of people being exiled
      -political motivations: Eastern and Central Europe wanted to punish German & increase ethnic homogeneity;  Allied has something to gain;  Soviet Union aimed to undermine relations between Germany and Poland;  US tried to cozy up to the nations of Eastern and Central Europe

2-the result of deportation and Germany underwent
       -although  the 'economic miracle' of German, some countries did not recognize that.

xixio

307
生词：atrocity暴行        deportation驱逐出境  excise删除
The atrocities during the Second World War are well known and have been documented
---however, the mass deportations far less known (after 1945, 12million German-speaking citizens packed into trains) ---punishing Germans

the Allied powers gain something: the Soviet Union---undermines the relations between Germany and Poland; Britain—reinforce the Germany’s defeat; the US---keeping them away

the result：
the death of at least 500,000 people, and the great Germany’s homeless population (not far worse)
the “economic miracle” is excised from some countries’ history books

amychen0821

Time:2023.10.09
第一段：现象：二战中的暴行通过历史学家们的大量纪录被大众熟知。然而，大众鲜而知道的是，战后持续近2年的驱逐行动是联合政府精心策划的。1945年后超过1200万讲德语的人被驱逐回了德国。原因分析：是confluence of political motivations的促成了此次历史上最大规模的驱逐活动。举例：苏联试图破坏德国和波兰的关系。英国希望巩固德国的失败，美国试图讨好中欧使其远离苏联。

第二段：造成的结果：50万人的死亡和德国大量无家可归的人，之所以没有更坏的影响，是因为苏联的计划失败了。战后德国经历了“经济奇迹”，大量的流亡者得到了房子食物等。然而，这些事实在一些历史书中被删除了，“历史都是胜利者书写的”。

Words: atrocities暴行  deportations驱逐  exile流亡  homogeneity 同质性 excised 删除platitude 陈词滥调

哇哇哇wa

二战后大量驱逐讲德语的人在C, H, R和P国，东部和中部尤其热衷于打着惩罚德国的旗号实行驱逐，但本国讲德语的不应该为战争负责，并增加名族统一性。苏维埃政府企图利用德国的失败，要损害德国和波兰的关系，尤其是割让土地。英国想强化德国的完全失败。美国奉承欧洲东中部，以此让他们远离苏维埃政府。
结果：至少50万人死亡，德国无家可归的人远大于任何其他的工业化国家，苏维埃想损害德国的计划没有成功。战后，德国经历了经济奇迹时期，但在很多国家的历史书中被删除了，历史总被胜利者书写。

xrrrrrr

307.
1.国家社会主义在二战期间的犯下的暴行众所周知，但二战后的大规模驱逐却很少有人知道。1945年后，1200多万讲德语的公民被剥夺了财产，被留在了战败的且贫穷的德国。政治因素是这次大规模流亡的主要原因。东欧和中欧驱逐国的人热衷于惩罚德国人并且增加种族的同质性。苏联试图利用德国的战败来削弱德国和波兰的关系。英国希望加强德国失败的彻底性。美国试图让东欧和中欧国家远离苏联。
2.驱逐导致了至少50万人死亡，德国无家可归的人口也远超其他工业化国家。战后，德国经历了经济奇迹，这为大量的流亡者提供了住所、食物和就业。但这段历史通常被历史书删除，这证明了历史是由胜利者书写的。

Bella可以700+

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