29. 法国女裁缝
P1:
new style --> loosen the monopoly (formal elite expensive)
(补充)new style --> income + market niche --> #(+)+organized politically(male)
furthermore(补充)French state --> expansion + organizatiopn
P2:
in contrast with (vs. pre histotiography)G: authorities --> engpurage women workers --> auto.
thus (结论) market expansion --> new opportunities
but(转折) opportunities in the late ancient Regime
no in the revolution overthrow
P3:
seamstressesm in AR --> powerful + autonomous --> draw upon, sources
but(转折) institutionalized in important ways (缺乏自理能力;被制度化)<-- guild
Thus(结果) guild destruction --> critical
market freeling --> negative transformation
(结论) a closer look helps to reveal
第三段:当时在古代法国的政权制度下,女性的权力以及自主权确实得到增加,不过在许多重要的方面上,她们还是被限制于政府机构的(政治制度化)。当政治类的机构解散时,对于女性而言的“free to 政治“的限制反倒带来了不好的转变。这也是为什么C认为这种女性权力的增加基于political economy之下。
Loosen放松 monopoly 垄断seamstresses裁缝 expansion扩张 demonstrates 展示autonomous自主性 appendages附属物 patriarch 族长locate定位 institutionalized 制度化Destruction毁灭 perspective看法
tension 紧张 interpretation解释
New dress style become popular, market exploding.
- More income
- Change the male dominated trade.
- Rely on French state
Crowston:
- Women autonomous and have right to work.
Aneien Regime France
- Seamstresses are powerful but institutionalized
- Destruction of guild:
A critical moment
Negative transformation
结构:
P1 – 17世纪末,new style of dress bring opportunities to 法国的女裁缝
P2 – Crowston观点:market expansion bring opportunities to some women, but in political economy of late Ancient Regime
P3 – Crowston观点:在Ancient Regime时期,最早的女裁缝以较强自主的形象出现,但后来这种形象改变了。
1. 法國女裁縫地位up:1 新時尚風格流行 2 increasing 人數 3利基市場: 男人壟斷 for elite / 鼓勵女裁縫組織起來 被政府支持
2. c:不同於流行, 機構支持女裁縫獨立發展而非行會 expanding work opportunity 「主要是基於ancient regime而不是大革命」
3. 缺陷:進一步解釋:ancient regime時期發展得很好,但被guild影響; 大革命後destruction of guild system (free market without government)limits the development