[SC总结] [原创]夹心现象讨论

之前的我认为夹心应该有两种：

（1）S，v-ing........，V O。

v-ing.......作为主谓之间的插入成分。这种情况往往容易造成v-ing.......一方面做定语就近修饰前面的名词主语S，另一方面做伴随动作状语向后修饰谓语动词V。向前向后修饰不确定，带来了歧义。

（2）....V1.....（从句），v-ing.....，........V2.......（主句）。

v-ing.......作为伴随动作状语同时向前向后修饰V1、V2引起歧义。

后来看了大牛的夹心总结帖

http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?boardid=23&id=235781&star=1#3160835

里面有关于夹心的定义：

什么是“夹心”：所谓“夹心”，既可以作为定语修饰主语，又可以作为状语修饰后面的谓语）很多时候的“夹心”是指在主语和谓语之间加入分词修饰。
  

我开始思考我的第二种夹心现象是否为夹心，看到了prep 2 - 43:

43.   (26724-!-item-!-188;#058&003285)

Although ice particles in the upper atmosphere benefit Earth in that they reflect and absorb solar radiation, acting as a global thermostat and thus keeping Earth from either burning up or freezing over, they also accelerate the destruction of the ozone layer by reacting with chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's).

(A) acting as a global thermostat and thus keeping Earth from either burning up or freezing over, they also accelerate(A)

(B) acting as a global thermostat and thus keeping Earth either from burning up or freezing over, while also accelerating

(C) act as a global thermostat and thus keep Earth from either burning up or freezing over, while also accelerating

(D) they act as a global thermostat that thus keeps Earth either from burning up or freezing over, even though it also accelerates

(E) they act as a global thermostat to thus keep Earth from either burning up or freezing over, but they also accelerate

解释说A中acting只能向前修饰，不存在歧义，因为如果要向后修饰，必须在Although从句和acting之间加上连词，因为这都是修饰主句的状语，没有连词无法并列存在。

OK，看到这里我彻底否掉了我第二种夹心现象：（2）....V1.....（从句），v-ing.....，........V2.......（主句）。的确是要在现在分词和从句之间加连词才可以并列做状语修饰主句。对吧？

在认为夹心现象只有第一种的时候，我又看到了一个题：

prep test2

32.   (26170-!-item-!-188;#058&003042)

The Chicago and Calumet Rivers originally flowed into the St. Lawrence by way of Lake Michigan, but having been redirected by constructing canals so that the water now empties into the Mississippi by way of the Illinois River.

(A) Rivers originally flowed into the St. Lawrence by way of Lake Michigan, but having been redirected by constructing

(B) Rivers had originally flowed into the St. Lawrence by way of Lake Michigan, but they have been redirected by constructing

(C) Rivers, which originally flowed into the St. Lawrence by way of Lake Michigan but have been redirected by the construction of

(D) Rivers, originally flowing into the St. Lawrence by way of Lake Michigan, but having been redirected by the construction of

(E) Rivers, originally flowing into the St. Lawrence by way of Lake Michigan, have been redirected through the construction of(E)

第一眼看上去正确答案出现了夹心现象，我一下子就蒙了，以为连现象一也有例外，是不是根本就没有夹心现象？

但是现在想想，不能象那个大牛那样定义主谓之间加个现在分词就算是夹心了，还要具体问题具体分析。

说到这里，置顶帖中关于分词的帖子给我很大启发http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?BoardID=23&ID=48928

如果本题E为夹心现象，那么flowing肯定可以做伴随状语修饰redirected，然而，注意这里，伴随状语一定是要同时发生的！

比如：

可以同时发生的句子：

He scored 100,making him the best student in the class.　伴随结果状语，前后动作同时发生

He is sitting under the tree,reading a book.伴随动作状语，前后动作同时发生

再举个不能同时发生的句子：

He went into the classroom, sitting on the chair. 这里就很荒谬了，在进教室的同时，坐椅子的动作发生

也就是说，如果两个动作一前一后是不能采用伴随状语形式的，而应该还原成：

He went into the classroom and sit on the chair.

回到prep 2-32

originally flowing into the St. Lawrence by way of Lake Michigan, have been redirected through the construction 这里的flow into和redirect是不能同时发生的。

originally说明flow into的动作在前，have been说明redirect的动作在后，也就是从这里看出originally flowing into the St. Lawrence by way of Lake Michigan只

能向前修饰，不能象后修饰！

小结：

一  我彻底否掉了我第二种夹心现象：（2）....V1.....（从句），v-ing.....，........V2.......（主句）。的确是要在现在分词和从句之间加连词才可以并列做状语修饰主句。

二  （1）S，v-ing........，V O。这种经典夹心现象在实战中要注意一点，也就是分词动作和后面的谓语动作是否可以同时发生，如果可以，那么为夹心现象，如果不行，一个动作在前，一个动作在后，那分词只能向前修饰，不会产生夹心现象。不要看见这种模式就把它当成错误选项排除。

大家看看对不？如果不对共同讨论，一起进步！

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补充：

一 10楼更新夹心的又一种情况：

....N1,v-ing,N2....这里现在分词同时向前向后修饰N1和N2引起歧义

二 11楼更新夹心的定义：（正因为有了新情况，所以原来局限在主谓之间的定义被打破了）

凡分词结构做插入语，其修饰对象可前可后存在歧义的情况，称之为夹心。（这里的分词可以包括现在分词和过去分词）

注：由于考虑到分类的复杂性，暂时不把句尾情况也看成是夹心，避免混乱。

大家讨论一下吧

自己沙发休息一下

我也被夹心现象折磨了一段时间,总悟不出,看了LS的我有点觉悟了

还有一题也是选的夹心现象

本题来自prep 2-56

这里不是夹心现象

 develop ....but do not grow 中develop和do是两个并列的谓语，主语（或者说动作发出者）为native North American grasses

allowing for 动作发出者为an extensive root system

allowing和do not grow 的动作发出者不同，何来伴随动作一说

回忆一下夹心现象的模型：

S, V1-ing, V2 O

这里的V1和V2两个动作都是S发出的，且同时发生，才产生夹心现象

明白了吗？

赞一个，我有个疑问...ing短语在句中和句尾是不是不一样呢？在句尾好似除了前面句子是系表结构或者插入语，印象中基本上是做状语的啊？

楼主请看大全中的一道夹心考题，还有LES引用的OG245

http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?boardid=23&replyid=2497338&id=27383&page=1&skin=0&Star=1

这两题都是是楼主否定掉的情况哦，但是连OG也承认是夹心。

首先，感谢你给我的夹心新情况，呵呵，发上来讨论比一个人默默总结好多了。

但是，我必须指出，你说的夹心和我的夹心讨论的不是同一类。

造成这种误解有两种原因：（1）我的符号或表达可能过于简单，容易造成误解；（2）你看的时候没有明白我的真正意思；

我们最关键的区别在于：你的夹心是ing分词短语在修饰紧前名词1的同时，能够向后修饰名词2

而我说的夹心是向后修饰谓语动词：

（1）ing分词短语放在主谓之间，在修饰紧前名词（主语）的同时，向后做伴随状语修饰谓语动作（即这个主语发出的动作）

（2）状语从句.....V1.....，ing分词.....，主句....V2.....（V1\V2都是同一个主语发出）具体见我1楼帖出的prep 2 - 43。这里ing分词同时向前、向后修饰V1、V2的夹心情况被我否掉，因为这个时候ing分词向后修饰主句做伴随状语，而状语从句也是修饰主句做状语成分，两个状语成分的并列要加连词，而非逗号。此思想来自prep笔记解释。情况（2）被我否掉，其实也是被prep笔记否掉了，所以我们就研究情况一好了。

拿（1）说，我的夹心是向后修饰谓语动作的，你的夹心是向后修饰名词2的，我没有否掉你说的情况。

把你的证据贴出来：

这个选项是典型的："squinting modifier"修饰，请参考OG245的解释：

245. Unlike Schoenberg’s twelve-tone system that dominated the music of the postwar period, Bartok founded no school and left behind only a handful of disciples.

(A) Schoenberg’s twelve-tone system that dominated (B) Schoenberg and his twelve-tone system which dominated (C) Schoenberg, whose twelve-tone system dominated (D) the twelve-tone system of Schoenberg that has dominated（C） (E) Schoenberg and the twelve-tone system, dominating

C, the best answer, is the only choice that makes a logical comparison: Unlike Schoenberg,... Bartok. In A, B, and D, Bartok, a person, is compared either to Schoenberg’s twelve-tone system or to Schoenberg and his twelve-tone system as a unit. Such comparisons are neither logically sound nor semantically parallel. Consequently, A and D illogically suggest that Schoenberg’s twelve-tone system founded a school and left behind many disciples. Choice B suggests that Schoenberg and his twelve-tone system together accomplished these feats. In E, the comparison is illogical and the modification is ambiguous. Schoenberg and his system, as a unit, are not only compared to Bartok, an individual, but also credited with having formed a school. The verb phrase dominating... is called a “squinting modifier (a modifier (as often in *getting dressed often is a nuisance*) so placed in a sentence that it can be interpreted as modifying either what precedes or what follows)” because it looks in both directions: given the structure of the sentence, it could be meant to modify either Schoenberg and the twelve-tone system or Bartok.

这里的og-245中ing分词在修饰  Schoenberg and the twelve-tone system
  的同时，向后修饰名词  Bartok.而我的夹心是向后修饰谓语动词

同理，B) After passing through a red giant stage, depending on its mass, a star will compress itself into a white dwarf, a neutron star, or a black hole.

中ing分词向后修饰a star也是名词

讨论到这里，此帖关于夹心现象的定义已经不够准确

http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?boardid=23&id=235781&star=1#3160835

什么是“夹心”：所谓“夹心”，既可以作为定语修饰主语，又可以作为状语修饰后面的谓语）很多时候的“夹心”是指在主语和谓语之间加入分词修饰。
    

它定义的向后修饰谓语做状语没有考虑到你说的做定语同时向前向后修饰名词1名词2的情况

所以我要在此楼补充一个夹心的另一种情况

名词1，ing分词，名词2：这里ing分词做定语同时向前向后修饰名词1名词2，造成歧异。

它定义的向后修饰谓语做状语没有考虑到你说的做定语同时向前向后修饰名词1名词2的情况

所以我要在此楼补充一个夹心的另一种情况

名词1，ing分词，名词2：这里ing分词做定语同时向前向后修饰名词1名词2，造成歧异。

它定义的向后修饰谓语做状语没有考虑到你说的做定语同时向前向后修饰名词1名词2的情况

所以我要在此楼补充一个夹心的另一种情况

名词1，ing分词，名词2：这里ing分词做定语同时向前向后修饰名词1名词2，造成歧异。