[原创]夹心现象讨论

iser

加油加油!我也想这个月考出来,还没刷到位子....

基范1987

我也很想总结分词的修饰歧义很久了,可是太懒了

aeoluseros

43.   (26724-!-item-!-188;#058&003285) 

Although ice particles in the upper atmosphere benefit Earth in that they reflect and absorb solar radiation, acting as a global thermostat and thus keeping Earth from either burning up or freezing over, they also accelerate the destruction of the ozone layer by reacting with chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's).

 (A) acting as a global thermostat and thus keeping Earth from either burning up or freezing over, they also accelerate(A)

 (A) acting as a global thermostat and thus keeping Earth from either burning up or freezing over, they also accelerate(A)

(B) acting as a global thermostat and thus keeping Earth either from burning up or freezing over, while also accelerating

(C) act as a global thermostat and thus keep Earth from either burning up or freezing over, while also accelerating

(D) they act as a global thermostat that thus keeps Earth either from burning up or freezing over, even though it also accelerates

(E) they act as a global thermostat to thus keep Earth from either burning up or freezing over, but they also accelerate

 解释说A中acting只能向前修饰，不存在歧义，因为如果要向后修饰，必须在Although从句和acting之间加上连词，因为这都是修饰主句的状语，没有连词无法并列存在。

umm，基本赞同..既然现在式短语前面有逗号了还可以做定语，为什么acting不可能修饰solar radiation？

aeoluseros

He scored 100,making him the best student in the class.　伴随结果状语，前后动作同时发生

我觉得scored和make两个动作一前一后怎么是同时发生呢？应该是得到了100分然后进行排名后他的100分让他成为了最好的学生，中间有一个逻辑假设就是，“按分数进行了比较”，这点是不可忽略的，也证明了这两个动作不是同时发生，用AWA七宗罪里的话说就是“前后发生非因果”。

aeoluseros

245. Unlike Schoenberg’s twelve-tone system that dominated the music of the postwar period, Bartok founded no school and left behind only a handful of disciples.

(A) Schoenberg’s twelve-tone system that dominated (B) Schoenberg and his twelve-tone system which dominated (C) Schoenberg, whose twelve-tone system dominated (D) the twelve-tone system of Schoenberg that has dominated（C） (E) Schoenberg and the twelve-tone system, dominating

C, the best answer, is the only choice that makes a logical comparison: Unlike Schoenberg,... Bartok. In A, B, and D, Bartok, a person, is compared either to Schoenberg’s twelve-tone system or to Schoenberg and his twelve-tone system as a unit. Such comparisons are neither logically sound nor semantically parallel. Consequently, A and D illogically suggest that Schoenberg’s twelve-tone system founded a school and left behind many disciples. Choice B suggests that Schoenberg and his twelve-tone system together accomplished these feats. In E, the comparison is illogical and the modification is ambiguous. Schoenberg and his system, as a unit, are not only compared to Bartok, an individual, but also credited with having formed a school. The verb phrase dominating... is called a “squinting modifier (a modifier (as often in *getting dressed often is a nuisance*) so placed in a sentence that it can be interpreted as modifying either what precedes or what follows)” because it looks in both directions: given the structure of the sentence, it could be meant to modify either Schoenberg and the twelve-tone system or Bartok.

umm...肯定rpch2004总结的第一种夹心现象。

不过我补充一种：

S, attributive clause, ing短语, O V. 这种ing短语可能向前做attributvie clause的状语，因为如果都是做定语的话，ing短语和attributive之间应该加上and。

[此贴子已经被作者于2008-11-18 16:32:33编辑过]

aeoluseros

以下是引用aeoluseros在2008-10-30 22:54:00的发言：

245. Unlike Schoenberg’s twelve-tone system that dominated the music of the postwar period, Bartok founded no school and left behind only a handful of disciples.

(A) Schoenberg’s twelve-tone system that dominated (B) Schoenberg and his twelve-tone system which dominated (C) Schoenberg, whose twelve-tone system dominated (D) the twelve-tone system of Schoenberg that has dominated（C） (E) Schoenberg and the twelve-tone system, dominating

C, the best answer, is the only choice that makes a logical comparison: Unlike Schoenberg,... Bartok. In A, B, and D, Bartok, a person, is compared either to Schoenberg’s twelve-tone system or to Schoenberg and his twelve-tone system as a unit. Such comparisons are neither logically sound nor semantically parallel. Consequently, A and D illogically suggest that Schoenberg’s twelve-tone system founded a school and left behind many disciples. Choice B suggests that Schoenberg and his twelve-tone system together accomplished these feats. In E, the comparison is illogical and the modification is ambiguous. Schoenberg and his system, as a unit, are not only compared to Bartok, an individual, but also credited with having formed a school. The verb phrase dominating... is called a “squinting modifier (a modifier (as often in *getting dressed often is a nuisance*) so placed in a sentence that it can be interpreted as modifying either what precedes or what follows)” because it looks in both directions: given the structure of the sentence, it could be meant to modify either Schoenberg and the twelve-tone system or Bartok.

 

还是这题，如果按照2-43的说法，E是不可能夹心的，因为unlike和dominating之间没有连词。所以dominating不会向后修饰...

aeoluseros

为保持版面整洁...此楼删除

[此贴子已经被作者于2008-11-18 16:33:37编辑过]

aeoluseros

umm...谁能confirm一下我在楼上提的夹心观点？

[此贴子已经被作者于2008-11-18 16:34:32编辑过]

iser

以下是引用aeoluseros在2008-10-30 22:18:00的发言：

umm，基本赞同..既然现在式短语前面有逗号了还可以做定语，为什么acting不可能修饰solar radiation？

先试着回答你这个问题。

前面提出的有向前修饰名词歧义的例子，不知楼上注意到没有，前面都是名词性结构而非完整的句子。现在分词作伴随状语，与被修饰的成分存在逻辑上的主谓关系，所以即使是那两个例子也不能说现在分词作定语，只能说作状语。

比如He scored 100,making him the best student in the class. 理解为整个主句作making的主语，而不会产生100作making的主语的歧义。

btw，umm是啥意思啊？？

iser

以下是引用aeoluseros在2008-10-30 23:03:00的发言：

还是这题，如果按照2-43的说法，E是不可能夹心的，因为unlike和dominating之间没有连词。所以dominating不会向后修饰...

这两道题倒是不矛盾的，prep2-43前面是although引导的让步状从，后面接现在分词引导的伴随状语，如果要一起修饰主句的话，需要形式上对称。因为他们功能上是对称的。但一个是句子，一个不是，就排除了这种可能。所以分词状语只能向前修饰让步状从。

OG那题，前面是名词性结构，后面也是名词性结构（动名词，反正不是句子），就有并列修饰主句的可能。

呵呵，试着解释了一下，不知是不是很牵强啊。不过这个问题水好深，大家慢慢研究