GWD-12-Q7鸟类记忆问题，infer请各位帮忙！感激不尽~！！

jyw0411lsq · 发表于 2011-5-2 16:29:03

GWD-12-Q7 挑战一下答案，牛牛们帮帮忙，感激不尽！！ Theterm “episodic memory” was introduced by Tulving to refer to what he considered a uniquely human capacity—the ability to recollect specific past events, to travel back into the past in one’s own mind—as distinct from the capacity simply to use information acquired through past experiences.Subsequently, Clayton et al. developed criteria to test for episodic memory in animals.According to these criteria, episodic memories are not of individual bits of information; they involve multiple components of a single event “bound” together.Clayton sought to examine evidence of scrub jays’ accurate memory of “what,” “where,” and “when” information and their binding of this information.In the wild, these birds store food for retrieval later during periods of food scarcity.Clayton’s experiment required jays to remember the type, location, and freshness of stored food based on a unique learning event.Crickets were stored in one location and peanuts in another.Jays prefer crickets, but crickets degrade more quickly.Clayton’s birds switched their preference from crickets to peanuts once the food had been stored for a certain length of time, showing that they retain information about the what, the where, and the when.Such experiments cannot, however, reveal whether the birds were reexperiencing the past when retrieving the information.Clayton acknowledged this by using theterm “episodic-like” memory.
9. GWD-18-Q9

It can be inferred that the author of the passage and Clayton would both agree that

A.the food preferences of the scrub jays in Clayton’s experiment are difficult to explain

B.the presence of episodic memory cannot be inferred solely on the basis of observable behavior

C.Clayton’s experiment demonstrated that scrub jays do not reexperience the past but do exhibit episodic-like memory

D.Tulving substantially underestimated the ability of animals to bind different kinds of information

E.Clayton’s experiment had certain fundamental design flaws that make it difficult to draw any conclusions about scrub jay’s memories

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答案是B,怎么选出来的啊，这个答案我根本从原文推不出来。.......

我爱SAAB · 发表于 2011-5-4 13:39:23

全文的最后一句话：
Such experiments cannot, however, reveal whether the birds were reexperiencing the past when retrieving the information.Clayton acknowledged this by using theterm “episodic-like” memory

再加上开头第三行：
as distinct from the capacity simply to use information acquired through past experiences

我不是牛...刚好今天也做了这篇，就这道选对了，其余都错了，哈哈

artreal · 发表于 2011-6-22 22:37:47

Confusion is between B and E.

B, on the basis of observation = on the basis of observing behavior of scrub jay.
The last line of the article confirmed the above point.

E, difficult to draw any conclusion about scrub jay's memories
The word "any" here makes the point not reversible.
Yet, the experiment do show "that they retain information about the what, the where and the when". (the second last line).

GWD-12-Q7鸟类记忆问题，infer请各位帮忙！感激不尽~！！

所属分类: GMAT考试

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