111. Kernland imposes a high tariff on the export of unprocessed cashew nuts in order to ensure that the nuts are sold to domestic processing plants. If the tariff were lifted and unprocessed cashews were sold at world market prices, more farmers could profit by growing cashews. However, since all the processing plants are in urban areas, removing the tariff would seriously hamper the government’s effort to reduce urban unemployment over the next five years. Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument? A. Some of the by-products of processing cashews are used for manufacturing paints and plastics. B. Other countries in which cashews are processed subsidize their processing plants. C. More people in Kernland are engaged in farming cashews than in processing them. D. Buying unprocessed cashews at lower than world market prices enables cashew processors in Kernland to sell processed nuts at competitive prices. E. A lack of profitable crops is driving an increasing number of small farmers in Kernland off their land and into the cities.
Helr笔记中是这样解释的:
E. Correct. 没有足够的利润会让很多原本种腰果的农民放弃种植而到城里找工作。该选项涉及“因”的一个能导致结论可信度变化的特点。当农民出口未处理的腰果得到的利润高了,就不会再有农民向城市跑了,甚至还有城市人来种腰果,所以这个性质可能会导致城市里的竞争压力变小,失业率从而变低。显然属于CQ2:干扰因素问题。 为什么农民到城市中去了,反而不会增加城市的失业人数呢?
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