请教OG-195：）

A proposed change to federal income tax laws would eliminate deductions from taxable income for donations a taxpayer has made to charitable and educational institutions. If this change were adopted, wealthy individuals would no longer be permitted such deductions. Therefore, many charitable and educational institutions would have to reduce services, and some would have to close their doors.

The argument above assumes which of the following?

(A) Without the incentives offered by federal income tax laws, at least some wealthy individuals would not donate as much money to charitable and educational institutions as they otherwise would have.
(B) Money contributed by individuals who make their donations because of provisions in the federal tax laws provides the only source of funding for many charitable and educational institutions.
(C) The primary reason for not adopting the proposed change in the federal income tax laws cited above is to protect wealthy individuals from having to pay higher taxes.
(D) Wealthy individuals who donate money to charitable and educational institutions are the only individuals who donate money to such institutions.
(E) Income tax laws should be changed to make donations to charitable and educational institutions the only permissible deductions from taxable income.

答案是a 想问一下b怎么错了 题目说如果取消deduction以后 许多机构和学校会关门 对b取反 如果许多赞助人的话 就不会关门了 这么理解可以么？

“如果许多赞助人的话 就不会关门了 这么理解可以么？”
不太明白你这句具体的意思，“许多赞助人”中的“赞助人”，你指的是wealthy individual 吗？多数时候，慈善机构的巨额捐款是富人出的。对富人而言，捐款的一个目的就是避税。如果捐款不可以减税，富人还捐一样多吗？至少不会4所有的富人都不变吧。

题目说：如果deduction被取消，institution就会关门。

a说的是如果取消，就不会有人捐钱 于是institution就关门了

而我觉得b说的是 因为那些因为有了dedution 才捐钱的人是institution 不关门的唯一来源。所以如果deduction取消了就会关门。

自己提一下：）

help~~

“题目说：”，请问你说的题目是哪个题目？假如你所说的题目是指这段文章本身的话，我已经说了：本段的主旨是围绕the impact of this change of taxation to wealthy individuals，文章的关键并不是偏在deduction导致institution关不关门上。

真正的题目是：The argument above assumes which of the following? 看清楚这个题目，正因为题目是这个，所以你所要选择的是和整段最主要想要表达意思最接近的答案。而不是就某一个片面钻牛角尖。

这道题只是问结论所基于的assumption是什么，不知道你是怎么看出来题目“主旨是围绕the impact of this change of taxation to wealthy individuals”的？对付ETS钻钻牛角尖也没什么不好，这道题不钻牛角尖就是搞不明白A比B、D优在哪里。

就这题所涉及的结论本身来讲，assumption至少有三个：1、停止免除慈善捐款部分的收入税后，富人就不捐款了（A）；2、富人捐款是一些机构的唯一经济来源或某些机构的绝大部分经济来源（所以富人一不捐款，这些部门就要关门）（B）；3、富人是某些机构唯一的捐款人（所以，富人一不捐款，又没有其他人捐款，这些就够就要关门）（D）。可以看出，B和D其实说的是一回事。

A 、B和D都可以算是assumption。但是，既然是选最优答案，只有A是正确的，因为B和D虽然也算是合理的assumption，但是他们却都是建立在A的基础上的，也就是说B和D不是最直接能够把条件和结论联系在一起的桥梁。当然，我个人认为，即便A作为assumption了，条件和结论之间还是有gap，A、B（或A、D）同时作为这题的assumption，才是最为严谨的逻辑。

将上面的话表示为以下图示可能更清楚点：

慈善捐款的那部分收入不能免税了------> 富人不再捐款了（A）------> 一些机构要关门

慈善捐款的那部分收入不能免税了------> 富人不再捐款了（A）------> 富人的捐款是一些机构唯一的经济来源（B），或富人是一些机构的唯一捐款人（D）-------> 那些机构要关门

Take a look OG explain, it most important words is--part of whose income comes from donations,would be negatively affected if wealth individuals could not count such donation as......, here OG emphasis that is PART, not all, it said MANY....SOME.

If you figure out these term, you will understand the A answer is right, I thought of it almost 3 hours.

呵呵,这是我的理解: 不能太绝对哦

http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?boardID=24&ID=70849&page=1

wrong, 请注意结论前的THEREFORE，这才是题眼，不是绝对不绝对的问题，B和其它的选项或者可以推出结论，但对题中的论证是无关的，这道题是要求论证过程的假设，不是对结论的假设。

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