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In the first of two experiments designed by Trehub to study infants’ response to music, a researcher engaged the attention of a baby in a soundproof booth by waving a fluffy toy in the baby’s face while an audio speaker in the booth repeatedly played a short tune. The sequence of notes in the tune were arranged on the Western major scale. All of the babies appeared to be indifferent to the music as long as it conformed to this sequence. However, whenever an anomalous note—one that does not belong in the scale—intruded on the recording, the babies invariably turned their heads toward the speaker.
This result may seem to some people to suggest simply that infants raised in the Western world learn from birth on to recognize the notes common to Western music. However, in a second experiment, the audio speaker played a different kind of tune: while this tune had an inherently musical structure, it was built on a scale that is unfamiliar to Westerners. Nevertheless, when an anomalous note intruded on the recording, the babies reacted in the same way that they had in the first experiment. This suggests that the basis for babies’ abilities to recognize and respond to music is not learned, but is, in fact, biological.
1.The passage suggests that Trehub’s second experiment was intended to answer which of the following questions that was left unanswered by the results of the first experiment? A. Do infants need a particular number of repetitions to be able to recognize a given note pattern? B. Do infants have an entirely emotional innate response to music? C. Are infants inherently more attracted to visual stimuli than they are to aural stimuli? D. Do infants prefer major scale patterns to other types of scale patterns? E. Are infants able to recognize only those scale patterns that they have heard since birth?
2.Which of the following is an experimental condition that the passage mentions as not being the same in Trehub’s two experiments? A. The scale underlying the tune played to the infants B. The frequency with which anomalous notes were introduced C. The length of the tune played to the infants D. The number of times the tune played to the infants was repeated E. The age of the infants participating in the study
3.The primary purpose of the passage is to A. support a conclusion about the value of a particular approach to the study of infants’ response to music B. evaluate the relative effectiveness of two experiments designed to study infants’ response to music C. describe two experiments that present conflicting evidence about infants’ response to music D. discuss certain differences in the ways that infants respond to Western and nonWestern music E. provide evidence in support of the position that infants’ response to music is innate
参考答案： EAE
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发表于 2021-5-12 13:21:23
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