考过的人看看蚂蚁下蛋是这个文章么

In the Diacamma, a group of 20 or so species of queenless ant, all living in India and South East Asia, the gammergate maintains control of the colony by biting off the "gemmae", which are vestigial wing buds, of the other female ants. This renders the ant not only submissive but also sterile. The gammergate must "call" to male ants to mate by rubbing her back legs on her abdomen, releasing a pheromone, so ants without gemmae can't call for a mate, and therefore can't mate.

In cases where the gammergate dies, civil war breaks out with all female ants trying to gain leadership. Since they have all been sterilised, they cannot be fertilised and can only lay eggs which produce female ants. The first female born intact becomes the potential gammergate - termed the "dauphine" by Peeters - and some instinct prompts her to start biting off the gemmae of workers hatching after her. As an ant matures, it produces hydrocarbons linked to its ovaries and signalling that this ant is in charge. For two weeks or so, the dauphine violently coerces her rivals until her smell matures. She gradually becomes skilled at the removal of the gemmae of the other females.

In one type of Diacamma from the Nilgiri hills, the gammergate does not remove her sisters' gemmae and so is faced with a constant power struggle. Swapping cocoons between colonies shows that ants from a colony that practises mutilation hatching in a Nilgiri colony will be immediately mutilated, even though the Nilgiri rarely carry out mutilation.

30. The essential message that the author is trying to convey in this passage is

    Smells play an important part in ant communication. The behaviour of the dominant ant in a colony differs widely from one colony to the next. Female ants must be fertilised if they are to lay eggs which hatch into males. The dominant female ant in certain ant communities faces a constant struggle to maintain her leadership. The control of an ant colony can only be maintained by an ant with intact wing buds.

31. Which of the following is the most important factor in deciding which female ant becomes dominant after the death of an existing gammergate in a Diacamma colony?

    A high level of aggression Producing hydrocarbon signals Hatching before other contenders Maturing within two weeks of hatching Laying eggs which hatch into male ants

32. An ant born from a female ant whose gemmae had been bitten off may be all of the following EXCEPT

    male a potential gammergate capable of producing hydrocarbons capable of summoning male ants submissive to the current gammergate of the colony

33. We may infer from the passage that the role of the hydrocarbons in wood ant colonies is to

    attract a mate render other female ants more submissive cause any eggs laid by the female emitting the hydrocarbons to hatch into male ants cause the ant emitting the hydrocarbons to grow vestigial wing buds defend the ant emitting the hydrocarbons from attack by the other females

34. The experiment described in the last paragraph allows us to infer which of the following?

    When female Diacamma ants hatch, they may emit a chemical signal affecting the behaviour of the other ants. Male ants in colonies of Diacamma ants do not generally mutilate recently hatched females. The cocoon transplanted into the Nilgiri colony produces an ant which later becomes the new gammergate. The newly hatched female cannot dominate the other females because she does not yet produce hydrocarbons. The signals between female ants are almost always chemical in nature.

35. Which of the following, if true, would most support the conclusion suggested by the experiment described in the last paragraph?

    There is one species of Diacamma ant apart from the Nilgiri, which never practises mutilation under any circumstances. Diacamma ants also mutilate members of their own colonies which are sick or deformed. A cocoon from a Nilgiri colony transplanted into a colony which normally practises mutilation produces a female which is not subjected to mutilation. Nilgiri ants are prepared to mutilate members of other species of ant whose nests they invade. The gammergate in Nilgiri colonies generally last longer before being deposed than the gammergate of other Diacamma species.

同问，楼主有答案吗？

今天考到了，不是这篇

没有答案啊,,是我看一个GMAT网上的试题,找到的,,搜索的