［已解决］G227-15/63

DeliciaAn

Passage 15 (15/63)

In the two decadesbetween 1910 and 1930, over ten percent of the Black population of the UnitedStates left the South, where the preponderance of the Black population had beenlocated, and migrated to northern states, with the largest number moving, it isclaimed, between 1916 and 1918. It has been frequently assumed, but not proved,that the majority of the migrants in what has come to be called the GreatMigration came from rural areas and were motivated by two concurrent factors:the collapse of the cotton industry following the bollweevil (boll weevil: n. 棉籽象鼻虫)infestation, which began in 1898, and increased demand in the North for laborfollowing the cessation of European immigration caused by the outbreak of theFirst World War in 1914. This assumption has led to the conclusion that themigrants’ subsequent lack of economic mobility in the North is tied to ruralbackground, a background that implies unfamiliarity with urban living and alack of industrial skills.

But the question ofwho actually left the South has never been rigorously investigated. Althoughnumerous investigations document an exodus from rural southern areas tosouthern cities prior to the Great Migration, no one has considered whether thesame migrants then moved on to northern cities. In 1910 over 600,000 Blackworkers, or ten percent of the Black work force, reported themselves to beengaged in “manufacturing and mechanical pursuits,” the federal census categoryroughly encompassing the entire industrial sector. The Great Migration couldeasily have been made up entirely of this group and their families. It isperhaps surprising to argue that an employed population could be enticed tomove, but an explanation lies in the labor conditions then prevalent in theSouth.

About thirty-fivepercent of the urban Black population in the South was engaged in skilledtrades. Some were from the old artisan class of slavery—blacksmiths, masons,carpenters—which had had a monopoly of certain trades, but they were graduallybeing pushed out by competition, mechanization, and obsolescence. The remainingsixty-five percent, more recently urbanized, worked in newly developedindustries—tobacco, lumber, coal and iron manufacture, and railroads. Wages inthe South, however, were low, and Black workers were aware, through laborrecruiters and the Black press, that they could earn more even as unskilledworkers in the North than they could as artisans in the South. After the bollweevil infestation, urban Black workers faced competition from the continuinginflux of both Black and White rural workers, who were driven to undercut thewages formerly paid for industrial jobs. Thus, a move north would be seen asadvantageous to a group that was already urbanized and steadily employed, andthe easy conclusion tying their subsequent economic problems in the North to theirrural background comes into question.

1.想要问的是红字处的翻译，比较不好理解的地方是：the easy conclusion trying their subsequent economic problems in the North to their rural background comes into question.
2.红字处的conclustion是否和蓝字处的conclution有关系。

DeliciaAn

今天又做到了这篇，自己给自己解答一下吧。
“ a move north would be seen as advantageous to a group that was already urbanized and steadily employed,”这个是作者自己分析完后得出的结论。

“and the easy conclusion tying their subsequent economic problems in the North to their rural background comes into question.”这是作者反对的结论，这个被反对的结论就是第一段后面的结论“led to the conclusion that the migrants’ subsequent lack of economic mobility in the North is tied to rural background“

基本文章结构就是一个老观点－But后提出自己的见解－自己的结论，然后继续反对一下老观点。