天山-3-33

yuching730

我的問題沒人理…..唉…，我這個月底要上考場了希望大家能發揮同學愛..please..

crowkiller

呵呵，刚刚看到这篇，我也做错了，选了C.看了楼上NN的解答，总算想清楚了，应该是E.

试着解答楼上的问题吧。

1# 要注意看题目：Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the budget deficit explanation for the discrepancy mentioned in line 27？

题目并不是让你削弱deficit的推理关系赤字低-->利率低-->投资高-->生产率高， 而是削弱the budget deficit explanation 怎样会造成 discrepancy mentioned in line 27。

2# 再来看文章是怎么表述discrepancy 的原因的。
首先，作者肯定了制造业的生产率并不低，只是服务业低。谈到服务业生产率低，作者说了三个理由，然后一一反驳。

A。  老观点：One is that traditional measures fail to reflect service-sector productivity growth 由于事实上service-sector quality 变好了。

     新观点：作者反驳说，制造业的quality 也变好了，而且生产率提高了，但是service-sector 生产率 没有提高。

B.  老观点：制造业比服务业面临由于更大的从国外来的竞争压力造成的job lost，从而迫使它们提高生产率。

     新观点：作者反驳说，事实上制造业面临的竞争压力被高估了，其实job lost主要是 demand growth slow 造成的。

C. 老观点：federal budget deficit 造成的。这里出现了上面说的关系：赤字低-->利率低-->投资new technologies 高-->生产率高。 

   新观点：但是作者反驳说，实际上并不存在new technologies 缺乏的问题（no dearth of technological resources), 是由于managers in the service sector 不想采用先进技术造成的。言外之意是说即使增加投资，managers in the service sector 不想采用先进技术也没有用。

最后给出理由，为什么managers in the service sector 不想采用先进技术？因为are the forces－such as corporate takeovers and unnecessary governmental regulation.

3# 整理清楚了作者的思路和理由，我们再来看要怎么回答这个削弱问题。
  

  问题是要削弱federal budget deficit会产生discrepancy，也就是说要反对老观点C.

A. Research shows that the federal budget deficit has traditionally caused service companies to invest less money in research and development of new technologies.
     这个说明由于budget deficit ==》 service companies to invest less ==》生产率无法提高。
    

      这个逻辑和原文的老观点C的逻辑一致，是加强。

B. New technologies have been shown to play a significant role in companies that have been able to increase their service productivity.
      新工艺对生产率提高很重要 ===》 赤字高，利率低，投资少，而新工艺对生产率提高很重要，造成discrepancy。

      这个逻辑和原文的老观点C的逻辑一致，是加强。

C. In both service sector and manufacturing, productivity improvements are concentrated in gains in quality.
      这个选项迷惑了我，我一开始以为concentrated in gains in quality 是找到他因，从而削弱。
 后来想想，这个他因只能解释both service sector and manufacturing 的productivity 无法提高，但是无法削弱federal budget deficit会产生discrepancy。实际上是个无关选项。

D. The service sector typically requires larger investments in new technology in order to maintain productivity growth than dose manufacturing

         服务业需要更多投资新工艺==》 差异是由于投资少造成的。==》赤字高，利率低，投资少，造成discrepancy。

      这个逻辑和原文的老观点C的逻辑一致，是加强。

E. High interest rates tend to slow the growth of manufacturing productivity as much as they slow the growth of service-sector productivity in the United States.
         
        High interest rates 直接同时Slow 制造业和服务业的生产率。也就是说High interest rates  无法造成discrepancy。 ==》

         federal budget deficit 无法造成discrepancy，削弱。

罗罗嗦嗦说了一大堆，希望表达清楚了，楼上的MM 能看明白。。。。

[此贴子已经被作者于2007-5-7 23:49:20编辑过]

qianrene

楼上的分析好精辟，懂了为什么选E了

lloottuuss

crowkiller写的好仔细啊！赞！

辰辰

42楼好厉害哦～～谢谢拉～～

wanjun

faced with strong foreign

competition, have learned to work

more efficiently in order to keep their

jobs in the United States, but service

(45)                          workers, who are typically under

less global competitive pressure,

have not. However, the pressure on

manufacturing workers in the United

States to work more efficiently has

(50)                          generally been overstated, often

for political reasons. In fact, while

some manufacturing jobs have been

lost due to foreign competition, many

more have been lost simply because

(55)                          of slow growth in demand for manu-

factured goods.

34.The passage states which of the following about the effect of foreign competition on the American manufacturing sector since the 1970’s?

 

1. It has often been exaggerated.

2. It has not been a direct cause of job loss.

3. It has in large part been responsible for the subsequent slowing of productivity growth.

4. It has slowed growth in the demand for manufactured goods in the United States.

5. It has been responsible for the majority of American jobs lost in manufacturing.

这题我本来是选D的

但多看几遍文章 发现A选项不是没有道理

line46美国制造业劳工面对外国制造业竞争的压力是被高估的

事实上(后面解释高估的原因),虽然有些制造业工作会失去世因为外国竞争

但大部分(many)会失去是因为制造厂品的需求下降

意思是,与其说是外国竞争,不如说是需求下降

所以A选项很合理 被高估了

以上是我个人的想法

欢迎大家批评指教

cherrychi

本来我也选C的，现在我明白了thanks a million 42楼的crowkiller

其实本文通篇都在讨论这个差异，前面的老观点为什么不能回答问题，就是因为没有成功解释制造业和服务业的差异。所以33问题问的不是为什么service 的生产力下降而是问，基于财政赤字的理由，为什么manufacting 增加了，而service 的生产力却下降了？weaken原文观点

另外关于quality的观点我有一点自己的理解

老观点：质量不适用于服务业的生产力提高。

作者反驳但是（yet）,尽管（while）服务业生产力停滞不前，但即使低估质量（undermeasurement quality）,制造业生产力也显著提高。

也就是说服务业质量不管提高没有，它确实不能反映服务业的生产力，而制造业呢，质量确实使生产力提高了，但即使质量不提高，生产力也会提高，所以质量的问题不能解释制造业和服务业生产力之间的差异。

 

[此贴子已经被作者于2007-11-5 10:44:27编辑过]

yuching730

up

easy4meeeeee

多谢42楼的解释

说下我对34 35的理解，2次做的答案都不一样，现在似乎有点醒悟了

T-3-Q34
                

The passage states which of the following about the effect of foreign competition on the American manufacturing sector since the 1970’s? A

A. It has often been exaggerated.  

D. It has slowed growth in the demand for manufactured goods in the United States.

 

D选项非常干扰：foreign competition --> slow growth in demand

但实际上通过这段话“In fact, while some manufacturing jobs have been lost due to foreign competition, many more have been lost simply because of slow growth in demand for manufactured goods.”

并非推出foreign competition --> slow growth in demand

而应该是 foreign competition+ slow growth in demand à many more have been lost

所以D错，这道题真是太。。。。“细腻”了

 

T-3-Q35
                

It can be inferred from the passage that which of the following was true of the United States manufacturing sector in the years immediately prior to 1980?  A

A.It was performing relatively poorly.

D.It was increasing its productivity at an annual rate of 1 percent. 干扰

70年代至今的rate是1，但是70年代末期的rate未必是1

 

不知道我的理解是否准确，请NN指点

[此贴子已经被作者于2007-12-7 1:06:28编辑过]

easy4meeeeee

以下是引用leiby1019在2005-12-4 12:59:00的发言：

我觉得34题应该选D吧 大家注意问题中说 the effect of foreign competition.

A的回答是It has often be exaggerated.这是对effect的回答么？

就如问你这个药物效果是什么？ 你回答说它被夸大了

牛头不对马嘴啊

我开始也是这么想的

The passage states which of the following about the effect of foreign competition on the American manufacturing sector since the 1970’s?

但是提干说的是 states which one about the effect, 不是问what is the effect

就如问：哪一个是关于这个药物效果的信息，而不是问这个药物效果怎么样或是什么