GWD-TN24第二套模拟测试的一道逻辑题~~

lainemai

Studies in restaurants show that the tips left by customers who pay their bill in cash tend to be larger when the bill is presented on a tray that bears a creditcard logo. Consumer psychologists hypothesize that simply seeing a credit-card logo makes many creditcard holders willing to spend more because it reminds them that their spending power exceeds the cash they have immediately available.

Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the psychologists’ interpretation of the studies?

AThe effect noted in the studies is not limited to patrons who have credit cards.  
B Patrons who are under fi nancial pressure from their credit-card obligations tend to tip less when presented with a restaurant bill on a tray with a credit-card logo than when the tray has no logo.  
C In virtually all of the cases in the studies, the patrons who paid bills in cash did not possess credit cards.  
D In general, restaurant patrons who pay their bills in cash leave larger tips than do those who pay by credit card.  
E The percentage of restaurant bills paid with a given brand of credit card increases when that credit card’s logo is displayed on the tray with which the bill is presented.  
正确答案是B，但是我对E存疑，这道题的逻辑链很明确：前提：当账单上有信用卡logo的时候，用现金付款的顾客会留更多的消费
                                                                            结论：心理学家推测这些信用卡的持有者单单是看到信用卡的logo就更乐意花费多一些，因为logo提醒他们他们的购买力超过了他们现在手头上能用的现金
问加强。
除了B选项，其他的选项也看以直接看出没有办法选择，但是个人感觉B选项有削弱的意味，因为原文说当信用卡持卡人看到logo就会多付钱，但是选项说的是当某部分人看到这个logo就会少付钱，这样不是有削弱的意味吗?求大牛解释~~

onlyspirit

B选项是反过来说加强，看到logo在信用卡没钱的情况下会少付钱就证明了信用卡logo和你的信用卡余额状况会影响你的行为。
那么倒过来当你有钱了你的行为就是看了logo给钱，所以B正确。

lainemai

onlyspirit 发表于 2014-10-6 23:29
B选项是反过来说加强，看到logo在信用卡没钱的情况下会少付钱就证明了信用卡logo和你的信用卡余额状况会影 ...

看到题目的时候，就感觉是这样理解的......但是就是感觉怪怪的~谢谢啦~

lainemai

onlyspirit 发表于 2014-10-6 23:29
B选项是反过来说加强，看到logo在信用卡没钱的情况下会少付钱就证明了信用卡logo和你的信用卡余额状况会影 ...

Amphibian populations are declining in numbers worldwide. Not coincidentally, the earth’s ozone layer has been continuously depleted throughout the last 50 years. Atmospheric ozone blocks UV-B, a type of ultraviolet radiation that is continuously produced by the sun, and which can damage genes. Because amphibians lack hair, hide, or feathers to shield them, they are particularly vulnerable to UV-B radiation. In addition, their gelatinous eggs lack the protection of leathery or hard shells. Thus, the primary cause of the declining amphibian population is the depletion of the ozone layer.
　　Each of the following, if true, would strengthen the argument EXCEPT:
　　(A) Of the various types of radiation blocked by atmospheric ozone, UV-B is the only type that can damage genes.
　　(B) Amphibian populations are declining far more rapidly than are the populations of nonamphibian species whose tissues and eggs have more natural protection from UV-B.
　　(C) Atmospheric ozone has been significantly depleted above all the areas of the world in which amphibian populations are declining.
　　(D) The natural habitat of amphibians has not become smaller over the past century.
　　(E) Amphibian populations have declined continuously for the last 50 years.
您顺便能帮我解释下这道题为什么答案是A而不是D吗~~

onlyspirit

D的话是排除他因，说明哺乳动物减少不是由于栖息地减少引起的。
A的话是无关选项，强调了臭氧阻挡的辐射中UV-B是唯一的能伤害基因的辐射，这对文章的逻辑链没有影响。文章的逻辑链是UV-B会造成破坏，但会被臭氧阻挡，最近臭氧少了而且动物少了，所以臭氧减少是动物减少的原因，而UV-B是否唯一与逻辑链无关。（反过来看，如果UV-B不是唯一的，有其他的可以损伤基因的辐射被阻挡了，那么臭氧层仍然起到了保护的作用，仍然阻挡了UV-B，并没有削弱。）

lainemai

onlyspirit 发表于 2014-10-7 10:45
D的话是排除他因，说明哺乳动物减少不是由于栖息地减少引起的。
A的话是无关选项，强调了臭氧阻挡的辐射中U ...

那我可以理解成UV-B因为是唯一破坏基因的东西，所以不存在其他射线可能对两栖动物造成影响呀，这样也算是排除他因啊

onlyspirit

lainemai 发表于 2014-10-7 10:48
那我可以理解成UV-B因为是唯一破坏基因的东西，所以不存在其他射线可能对两栖动物造成影响呀，这样也算是 ...

仔细看看选项，选项中的意思是在所有辐射中UV-B是唯一破坏基因的。是把UV-B与其他辐射进行比较。
UV-B如果是唯一造成基因破坏的因素，不会这样进行表达。
A选项的意图在于说明在所有被阻挡的基因里，UV-B是唯一能够造成破坏的。就算他是唯一的，对文中的逻辑链也没有影响。

lainemai

onlyspirit 发表于 2014-10-7 10:55
仔细看看选项，选项中的意思是在所有辐射中UV-B是唯一破坏基因的。是把UV-B与其他辐射进行比较。
UV-B如 ...

那会怎样表达......

lainemai

lainemai 发表于 2014-10-7 10:08
Amphibian populations are declining in numbers worldwide. Not coincidentally, the earth’s ozone l ...

但是文章说了动物的减少是和UV-B有关的呀，UV-B也确实是可以被ozone block掉啊，但是随着臭氧的减少，UV-B确实是因为破坏了基因使得动物减少牙，这样确实对逻辑链有影响啊。。。。。。不好意思我钻进去了.......

lainemai

onlyspirit 发表于 2014-10-7 10:45
D的话是排除他因，说明哺乳动物减少不是由于栖息地减少引起的。
A的话是无关选项，强调了臭氧阻挡的辐射中U ...

Because amphibians lack hair, hide, or feathers to shield them, they are particularly vulnerable to UV-B radiation.个人觉得不是臭氧少是动物少的原因，是臭氧少-U多-动物少了