OG13 CR-106求解

soydl

Exposure to certain chemicals commonly used in elementary schools as cleaners or pesticides causes allergic reactions in some children. Elementary school nurses in Renston report that the proportion of school children sent to them for treatment of allergic reactions to those chemicals has increased significantly over the past ten years. Therefore, either Renston's school children have been exposed to greater quantities of the chemicals, or they are more sensitive to them than school children were ten years ago.

Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?

(A) The number of school nurses employed by Renston's elementary schools has not decreased over the past ten years.

(B) Children who are allergic to the chemicals are no more likely than other children to have allergies to other substances.

(C) Children who have allergic reactions to the chemicals are not more likely to be sent to a school nurse now than they were ten years ago.

(D) The chemicals are not commonly used as cleaners or pesticides in houses and apartment buildings in Renston.

(E) Children attending elementary school do not make up a larger proportion of Renston's population now than they did ten years ago.

答案是C
为什么是c啊～～～大脑已经短路了，实在是想不明白，求大神指导～小女子不胜感激～～～

soydl

为毛都没有人理我。。。:'

lainemai

这道题是道ASSUMPTION题，ASSUMPTION题可以用到The Supporter/Defender Assumtion Model和The Assumption Negation Technique做（在BIBLE里都有提到，LZ可查阅）。即对选项取反看该选项是否削弱题干，若削弱题干即为正确选项。
这道题的逻辑链：
前提：有些小孩对于在小学校园里的杀虫剂和清洁剂的某种化学物质过敏。R地小学的护士说这些送来医治这种过敏的小孩的比例在过去十年有显著的增长
结论：这些小孩不是因为接触到更大量的这种化学物质，就是因为他们相较于十年前的小孩，对这种化学物质变得更为敏感了。
逻辑链很简单，就是来医院救治的小孩中救治过敏的比例上涨→小孩接触到大量的化学物质或者变得更为敏感
假设题就是以下任何一项作为前提插入到题干中使逻辑链完善。乍一看上去逻辑链没有什么可以攻击的地方，那就看下选项。A.讲护士的数量，无关排除
               B.比较小孩受化学物质而过敏还是其他物质过敏，无关排除
               C.出现了not,将句子取反，就是Children who have allergic reactions to the chemicals are  more likely to be sent to a school nurse now than they were ten years ago.相较于十年前，小孩有过敏症状的越来越倾向于送到校医处。这句话正好削弱题干的结论，就是说小孩过敏的比例增长的另外一个原因可能是因为过去都不在学校就医，而现在都来学校就医，并不是因为化学物质增多或者对于这些化学物质更敏感，有效削弱结论，正确。
              D.文章都说了这种化学物质是用在清洁剂和杀虫剂里的，D选项有否定原文的意思，排除
              E.这个和R地的人口也没关系吧，无关选项，直接排除。
做这种题，楼主重点关注那些有否定的句子，这些很大几率都是正确选项，然后对这种句子取反看能不能削弱结论或者原文就好了！~
希望对你有帮助
open to discussion

soydl

lainemai 发表于 2014-10-4 21:02
这道题是道ASSUMPTION题，ASSUMPTION题可以用到The Supporter/Defender Assumtion Model和The Assumption N ...

好感动打了这么多字，讲的真的很清楚，现在明白了真是太谢谢你了呢

lainemai

soydl 发表于 2014-10-4 22:47
好感动打了这么多字，讲的真的很清楚，现在明白了真是太谢谢你了呢 ...

不客气~~~