求问两道逻辑题，快来看看哦

jingyi011

这两道我懂了，有些细节想问问大家

1.For a trade embargo against a particular country to succeed, a high degree of both international accord and ability to prevent goods from entering or leaving that country must be sustained. A total blockade of Patria’s ports is necessary to an embargo, but such an action would be likely to cause international discord over the embargo. 　　The claims above, if true, most strongly support which of the following conclusions?
　　(A) The balance of opinion is likely to favor Patria in the event of a blockade.
　　(B) As long as international opinion is unanimously against Patria, a trade embargo is likely to succeed.
　　(C) A naval blockade of Patria’s ports would ensure that no goods enter or leave Patria.
　　(D) Any trade embargo against Patria would be likely to fail at some time.
　　(E) For a blockade of Patria’s ports to be successful, international opinion must be unanimous

选项a是什么意思啊?这里的balance是什么意思呢??

2.Paleontologist: About 2.8 million years ago, many species that lived near the ocean floor suffered substantial population declines.  These declines coincided with the onset of an ice age.  The notion that cold killed those bottom-dwelling creatures outright is misguided, however; temperatures near the ocean floor would have changed very little.  Nevertheless, the cold probably did cause the population declines, though indirectly.  Many bottom-dwellers depended for food on plankton, small organisms that lived close to the surface and sank to the bottom when they died.  Most probably, the plankton suffered a severe population decline as a result of sharply lower temperatures at the surface, depriving many bottom-dwellers of food.

In the paleontologist's reasoning, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?

(A) The first introduces the hypothesis proposed by the paleontologist; the second is a judgment offered in spelling out that hypothesis.
(B) The first introduces the hypothesis proposed by the paleontologist; the second is a position that the paleontologist opposes.
(C) The first is an explanation challenged by the paleontologist; the second is an explanation proposed by the paleontologist.
(D) The first is a judgment advanced in support of a conclusion reached by the paleontologist; the second is that conclusion.
(E) The first is a generalization put forward by the paleontologist; the second presents certain exceptional cases in which that generalization does not hold.

第二个黑体是evidence，答案A第二句话的judgment是什么意思？一般是指论点还是论据呢？以前上课老师好像说是论点的标志，所以在这有点搞。。。

jingyi011

ding ding ding~~~