【Native Speaker每日综合训练—35系列】【35-09】文史哲

pennyz

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Part I: Speaker

Loan Forgiveness Programs

Slow Dialog: 1:16
Explanation: 3:14
Fast Dialog: 15:35

Martin: One hundred eleven days and counting.
Georgina: Are you counting down to something?
Martin: I’m counting down to the day when my student loans will be discharged. I only took this job because it qualifies for the loan forgiveness program.
Georgina: But you’ve worked here for over two years already. You mean you’ve been working to pay off your student loans all this time?
Martin: That’s right. I took out loans to subsidize my college education. After I graduated, I had a choice to either start repaying the loans or work in a public service job for three years.
Georgina: Three years is a long commitment.
Martin: You’re telling me, but I had no choice. It was either that or be indebted for the next 10 to 15 years. I couldn’t take that.
Georgina: Now I get it.
Martin: Get what?
Georgina: I’ve noticed you’ve been happier lately and I thought you were finally enjoying your work here, but now I know it’s because you’re getting closer to getting out from under your loans.
Martin: That’s right. In less than four months I’ll be free at last, free at last!

Script by Dr. Lucy Tse


Source: ESLPOD
http://www.eslpod.com/website/show_podcast.php?issue_id=15034018

[Rephrase 1, 17:36]

pennyz

Part II: Speed

Easter day - 20 April 2014

[Time 2]

Easter is the most important festival in the Christian calendar. It celebrates the resurrection from the dead of Jesus, three days after he was executed. The Easter story is at the heart of Christianity.

Easter Sunday

Easter Sunday marks Jesus' resurrection.

After Jesus was crucified on the Friday (now known as Good Friday), his body was taken down from the cross, and buried in a cave tomb. The tomb was guarded by Roman Soldiers and an enormous stone was put over the entrance, so that no-one could steal the body.

On the Sunday, Mary Magdalene, followed later by some of Jesus' disciples visited the tomb and found that the stone had been moved, and that Jesus' body had gone.

Jesus himself was seen that day by Mary and the disciples, and for forty days afterwards by many people. His followers realised that God had raised Jesus from the dead. Christians call this the Resurrection.

The week leading up to Easter is called Holy Week.

Holy Week

Palm Sunday

This is the Sunday before Easter Day.

It is the first day of Holy Week and celebrates Jesus' arrival in Jerusalem riding on a donkey. Crowds of people came out of the city to greet him, throwing down palm branches on the road.
Anglican and Roman Catholic churches give out small crosses made from palm leaves, as a reminder of Jesus' entrance into Jerusalem and his death on the cross. Some Christians keep these in their homes all year as a symbol of their faith.

Maundy Thursday

This is the Thursday before Easter Day

[262 words]

[Time 3]

Last Supper: On Maundy Thursday Christians remember when Jesus ate the Passover meal with his disciples, breaking bread and drinking wine, which is now known as the Last Supper.

Many Christians remember this by sharing bread and wine together in a service called Holy Communion, Eucharist or Mass. It is a reminder that Jesus sacrificed his life for mankind.

At this meal Jesus told his followers that they should love and serve one another. He demonstrated this by washing the feet of the disciples - something a servant would normally do. You can read this story in the Bible in John Ch.13v1-15

The word maundy comes from the command (mandate) given by Jesus at the Last Supper, that we should love one another.

Roman Catholic church services include a ceremony in which the priest washes the feet of 12 people to commemorate Jesus' washing the feet of his disciples.

Good Friday

Good Friday is the Friday before Easter Sunday. It commemorates the execution of Jesus by crucifixion.

Good Friday is a day of mourning in church. During special Good Friday services Christians remember Jesus' suffering and death on the cross, and what this means for their faith.

In some countries, there are special Good Friday processions, or re-enactments of the Crucifixion.
The main service on Good Friday takes place between midday and 3pm. In many churches it takes the form of a meditation based on the seven last words of Jesus on the cross, with hymns, prayers, and short sermons.

[250 words]

Source:bbc_schools
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/religion/christianity/easter.shtml

EASTER SYMBOLS AND TRADITIONS

[Time 4]

You won’t find them in the Bible, but many cherished Easter traditions have been around for centuries. The most prominent secular symbol of the Christian holiday, the Easter bunny reportedly was introduced to America by the German immigrants who brought over their stories of an egg-laying hare. The decoration of eggs is believed to date back to at least the 13th century, while the rite of the Easter parade has even older roots. Other traditions, such as the consumption of Easter candy, are among the modern additions to the celebration of this early springtime holiday.

EASTER BUNNY

The Bible makes no mention of a long-eared, short-tailed creature who delivers decorated eggs to well-behaved children on Easter Sunday; nevertheless, the Easter bunny has become a prominent symbol of Christianity’s most important holiday. The exact origins of this mythical mammal are unclear, but rabbits, known to be prolific procreators, are an ancient symbol of fertility and new life. According to some sources, the Easter bunny first arrived in America in the 1700s with German immigrants who settled in Pennsylvania and transported their tradition of an egg-laying hare called “Osterhase” or “Oschter Haws.” Their children made nests in which this creature could lay its colored eggs. Eventually, the custom spread across the U.S. and the fabled rabbit’s Easter morning deliveries expanded to include chocolate and other types of candy and gifts, while decorated baskets replaced nests. Additionally, children often left out carrots for the bunny in case he got hungry from all his hopping.

Did You Know?

The largest Easter egg ever made was over 25 feet high and weighed over 8,000 pounds. It was built out of choclate and marshmallow and supported by an internal steel frame.

[285 words]

[Time 5]

EASTER EGGS

Easter is a religious holiday, but some of its customs, such as Easter eggs, are likely linked to pagan traditions. The egg, an ancient symbol of new life, has been associated with pagan festivals celebrating spring. From a Christian perspective, Easter eggs are said to represent Jesus’ emergence from the tomb and resurrection. Decorating eggs for Easter is a tradition that dates back to at least the 13th century, according to some sources. One explanation for this custom is that eggs were formerly a forbidden food during the Lenten season, so people would paint and decorate them to mark the end of the period of penance and fasting, then eat them on Easter as a celebration.

Easter egg hunts and egg rolling are two popular egg-related traditions. In the U.S., the White House Easter Egg Roll, a race in which children push decorated, hard-boiled eggs across the White House lawn, is an annual event held the Monday after Easter. The first official White House egg roll occurred in 1878, when Rutherford B. Hayes was president. The event has no religious significance, although some people have considered egg rolling symbolic of the stone blocking Jesus’ tomb being rolled away, leading to his resurrection.

[204 words]

[Time 6]

EASTER CANDY

Easter is the second best-selling candy holiday in America, after Halloween. Among the most popular sweet treats associated with this day are chocolate eggs, which date back to early 19th century Europe. Eggs have long been associated with Easter as a symbol of new life and Jesus’ resurrection. Another egg-shaped candy, the jelly bean, became associated with Easter in the 1930s (although the jelly bean’s origins reportedly date all the way back to a Biblical-era concoction called a Turkish Delight). According to the National Confectioners Association, over 16 billion jelly beans are made in the U.S. each year for Easter, enough to fill a giant egg measuring 89 feet high and 60 feet wide. For the past decade, the top-selling non-chocolate Easter candy has been the marshmallow Peep, a sugary, pastel-colored confection. Bethlehem, Pennsylvania-based candy manufacturer Just Born (founded by Russian immigrant Sam Born in 1923) began selling Peeps in the 1950s. The original Peeps were handmade, marshmallow-flavored yellow chicks, but other shapes and flavors were later introduced, including chocolate mousse bunnies.

EASTER PARADE

In New York City, the Easter Parade tradition dates back to the mid-1800s, when the upper crust of society would attend Easter services at various Fifth Avenue churches then stroll outside afterward, showing off their new spring outfits and hats. Average citizens started showing up along Fifth Avenue to check out the action. The tradition reached its peak by the mid-20th century, and in 1948, the popular film Easter Parade was released, starring Fred Astaire and Judy Garland and featuring the music of Irving Berlin. The title song includes the lyrics: “In your Easter bonnet, with all the frills upon it/You’ll be the grandest lady in the Easter parade.”

The Easter Parade tradition lives on in Manhattan, with Fifth Avenue from 49th Street to 57th Street being shut down during the day to traffic. Participants often sport elaborately decorated bonnets and hats. The event has no religious significance, but sources note that Easter processions have been a part of Christianity since its earliest days. Today, other cities across America also have their own parades.

[350 words]

Source:history.com
http://www.history.com/topics/holidays/easter-symbols

pennyz

Part III: Obstacle

Five myths about Easter

By James Martin

[Paraphrase7]

When death and resurrection mix with magical bunnies and chocolate eggs, you get Easter — perhaps the most misunderstood Christian holy day. Yet it is also the most essential; without this holiday, the Christian faith would be meaningless. Myths about Easter abound, for believers and nonbelievers alike, so let’s dispense with some of the most common ones.

1.Jesus didn’t literally rise from the dead.

On Easter Sunday, several of the disciples discovered that the tomb in which Jesus’s body had been laid was empty. Later that same day, and in the coming days and weeks, more of the disciples encountered Jesus, who had risen from the dead. But almost immediately, others rebutted their reports. At first, stories circulated about Jesus’s body being stolen by his sneaky disciples. Later, others contended that another person was substituted for Jesus at the crucifixion — or that He was not dead, but simply drugged into a stupor and then surreptitiously revived.

Today, a different kind of myth is circulating, sometimes set forth by well-meaning Christians: Jesus didn’t literally rise from the dead, and it doesn’t matter that He didn’t. In this formulation, the “Resurrection” was nothing more than the disciples remembering what Jesus had said and done during his life, and letting those memories embolden them to carry on his mission.

But when one examines the Gospels, that hypothesis falls apart. For example, in one Gospel, the disciples are described as being so terrified after the crucifixion that they cowered behind closed doors. Why wouldn’t they? Their leader had just been executed in the most shameful way imaginable. But then, suddenly, the disciples are filled with resolve, ready to give their lives for Jesus Christ. Is it plausible that simply sitting around and remembering Jesus could account for such an astounding change? No, only something real, something dramatic and physical, something the disciples saw and experienced, could so decisively move them from abject terror to unbounded courage. And what they saw and experienced was Jesus Christ risen from the dead.

2.After the Resurrection, Jesus first appeared to Saint Peter.

Peter figures so heavily in the earlier Passion narratives that it’s natural to believe that Jesus would first appear to the fisherman from Galilee. But Jesus first appears not to Peter, nor to any of the other male disciples, but to women.

In Matthew’s Gospel, He appears first to “Mary Magdalene and the other Mary.” In Mark, he appears first to Mary Magdalene. And in John’s Gospel, the distinction of Mary Magdalene is even more pronounced: Early on Easter Sunday, she comes to the tomb, finds it empty and then races to Peter and the person known as the “beloved Disciple.” The two return with her, peer into the tomb, enter briefly and then leave. After they have gone, as Mary is weeping by the tomb, Jesus appears to her. He addresses her by her Aramaic name, which is preserved in the Greek manuscripts, tenderly calling her “Mariam.”

At the end of the story in John’s Gospel, Jesus tells Mary to announce the news of the Resurrection to the disciples. Thus my favorite title for her: “Apostle to the Apostles.” This is a needed reminder of the central place of women in the story of Jesus, as well as in the early church.

3.Lent is all about sacrifice.

As Lent arrives each year, the most common question posed to Christians is: “What are you giving up?” To a large extent, Lent does include sacrifice — abstaining from certain foods, gossip, laziness and the like — but the sacrifice is not for its own sake. It reminds us that we can exercise self-control and that Jesus underwent tremendous physical sacrifices during his Passion. It also spurs us to charity. One of the original goals of cutting back on consumption, after all, was to save money to give to the poor.

But overall, Lent is about spiritual preparation; sacrifice is simply a means to that end. Often I ask people not, “What are you giving up for Lent?” But, “What are you doing for Lent?” Are you being kind? Loving? Forgiving? These activities, which move us beyond sacrifice, prepare believers to welcome Christ into their lives in a new way. That’s why one of the phrases in the Lenten prayers in the Mass speaks about the “joy” of Lent.

4.Easter eggs have nothing to do with Easter.

Many people annoyed by the creeping commercialism of Easter — baskets stuffed with video games and iPads, Cadbury chocolates and marshmallow Peeps — lump Easter eggs with the general secularization of the holiday.

But Easter eggs are an ancient means of representing religious beliefs. Depending on the source, either the custom originated in Mesopotamia with early Christians — who stained eggs red to commemorate the shedding of Christ’s blood — or it began as a symbol of rebirth. Others link the practice to parallels between a hatching bird leaving behind an empty shell and a risen Christ leaving behind the empty tomb. The consumption of eggs on Easter Sunday may also be linked to the conclusion of Lent, a time when, in addition to meat, some Christian cultures avoided eggs and dairy.

Despite the candy industry’s attempt to bury Easter under boatloads of chocolate and caramel, many Christians, most notably those from the Eastern Orthodox tradition, still decorate their eggs with religious symbols. Filled with chocolate or not, eggs are heavy with meaning on Easter.

5.Easter is not as important as Christmas.

In the popular mind, Easter was subsumed by Christmas long ago. People don’t spend weeks shopping for Easter gifts, hours writing Easter cards to friends and relatives, or days on end watching “An Easter Story” on TBS.

Yet Easter is the key event in Christian history. This is not to denigrate the importance of what Christians call the “Incarnation,” the belief that God became human in Jesus, which we celebrate on Christmas. But the Resurrection changes everything: It’s a reminder not just that Jesus rose from the dead but that love is stronger than hatred, that hope is stronger than despair, and that life is stronger than death. More simply, it reminds us that nothing is impossible with God.

Choose not to believe in the Resurrection, and Jesus is just another S. Believe in the Resurrection, and your whole life changes.

[1077 words]

Source:Washingtonpost
http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/five-myths-about-easter/2014/04/18/e7e8c6fe-c640-11e3-8b9a-8e0977a24aeb_story.html

疏离无罪

沙发~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Speaker: The dialogue is about working in public service after graduation to be qualified in loan forgiveness program.And the man will soon finish the three-year work to complete the program.

01:00
Describe the origin of Easter Day and the Holy week.

00:54
The origin of Maundy Thursday,Last Supper and Good Friday.And what people do on these days.

01:22
Most easter traditions are not in Bribe.Easter bunny is a long-eared,short-tailed creature who delivers decorated eggs to children.And German immigrants brought this tradition to the US.

01:13
Easter is a religious holiday,but easter eggs comes from pagan tradition.It has several diffeent meanings.Easter egg hunts and egg rolling are also two popular egg-related traditions.

01:46
Easter is the second best-selling candy holiday in america.Billions of chocolate eggs and jelly beans are sold every year.Easter parede comes from Mahattan in 1880s and it has no religious significance.

05:58
Main Idea: 5 myths about Easter Day
1 Jesus do rise from dead
The disciple of Jesus are filled with resolve and ready to give life for Jesus Christ after he dead in a most shamful way.Sth dramatic must happen to let do thik kind of crazy thing.
2 Mary,instead of Peter,is the first person Jesus saw after the Resurrection
3 Lent is not all about sacrifice
Lent is also a kind of exercise of self-control and spurs us to charity and about spiritual preparation.
4 Easter also represent religious belief
It is the symbol of rebirth.Compusation of eggs means the conclustion of Lent.
5 Easter is the key event in Christan History.

clairellnnxx

板凳哈哈哈哈哈~

time2:1'36''
the story of Easter Sunday and Holy week. Easter day celebrates the resurrection from the dead of Jesus
time3:1'32''
How the Last Dinner came from and what meanning it has.
Good friday is the friday before easter sunday.
What people usually do on these days
time4:1'45''
the origin of easter bunny and how this image developed from years
the largest easter egg in the world is made of choclate
time5:1'34''
the story of easter eggs, it comes from pagan tradition and has different meannings.
Easter egg hunts and egg rolling are two popular egg-related traditions
time6:1'39
easter candy--the second best selling candy in US
easter parada's origins
obt:6'32''

five myth about easter day
1.Jesus did rise from the dead

2.after the resurrection, Jesus first appeared not to Saint Peter but women

3.Lent is about spiritual sacrifice,

4.easter eggs are regard as religious beliefs

5.easter is the key event in Christian history

小蘑菇开始打怪

速度来占座！！~~
-----------
谢谢楼主！~~

speaker:

counting down when the student job

take up loan to subsidize the study

pay the loan at a time or work in a service center for 3 years

Martin becomes happier because he will pay all his loan in four months

time2:1:21

the origin of easter sunday

easter sunday marks Jesus's resurrection

people will throw down palm branches to welcome Jesus

time3:1:19

some information about the last supper

Jesus sacrificed his life for mankind

at the last supper, Jesus told us we should love on another

different customs on good friday

time4:1:41

the origin of easer egg

the exact origins of the mythical mammal are unclear, but rabbits, known to be prolific proctors, are an ancient symbol of fertility and new life

how US adopt the custom of easter eggs into its tradition

info about the largest easter egg

time5:1:00

easter eggs are said to represent Jesus' emergence from the tomb and resurrection

easter egg hurts and egg rolling are two popular egg- related traditions

time6:2:00

easter is the second best-selling candy holiday in America, after Halloween

the development of easter chocolate eggs

the upper crust of society would attend easter services at various fifth avenue churches then stroll outside afterward, showing off their new spring outfits and hats

average citizens started showing up along to check out the action

the origin of easter parade

time7:6:20

five myth about easter

Jesus didn't literally rise from the dead

different tales about how Jesus recurrent are spoken by people

after the resurrection, Jesus first appeared to Saint Peter

Lent is all about sacrifice, but overall, Lent is about spiritual preparation

easter eggs have nothing to do with easter

easter eggs are an ancient mean os representing religious beliefs

easter is not as important as christmas

easter is the key event in Christian history

TaoRs92

首页！！！！！！！！谢谢~~~~


time:1:36.12
The story of Easter Day.
______________
time:1:22.57
Some terms related to Easter Day.
_______________
time:1:41.66
The tradition of eggs in Easter Day.
The bunny to deliver the eggs to well behaved children.
______________
time:1:1.039
Easter eggs' history and significance(religious or non religious).Its related events.
_____________
time:1:49.16
Easter candy--the most popular days to sell candies,following halloween.
Easter parade--the history and significance.
______________
time:6:27.32
Five myths.
1 Jesus rised from the dead.
His disciples should actually see and experience his rising from dead to ready to give their lives to Jesus.
2 The first person Jesus appeared to is Mariam(women).
This stands out the center role of women in the story of Jesus.
3 Lent represents the spiritual preparation,not just sacrifice.
Sacrifice is only one of the ways to lead to Lent.
4 Easter Eggs is the tradition of Easter Day.
They have riligious significance.
5 Easter is an essential festival for Christian.
It stands for Resurrection,which can change people's life.

psychoarya

[speaker]
今天的speaker18号做过了，所以做了34-16文史哲的
with the arrival of social media and social network, the web changed.
Facebook is the biggest social web. Unprecedented.
Internet can also predict a lot of things, such as pregnancy of a 15 girl, etc.
Research: 5 likes---high intelligence
Curly fries---reflect common attributes

[speed]
1:49
resurrection: 耶稣复活；恢复使用、活动等
crucify：折磨；十字架上钉死
Maundy：（天主教的）洗足礼
Disciple：信徒；门徒
1:29
we should love on another.
1.59
rabbits are known to be prolific procreators, are an ancient symbol of fertility and new life.
1”07
pagan:异教徒
2:56
bonnet：软帽
concoction: 混合；捏造；企图

［obstacle］
7:17
love is stronger than hatred, hope is stronger than despair, life is stronger than death.

Subsume:把…归入；把…包括在内
Denigrate：诋毁；诽谤
Boatloads of

MAGGIEHE1993

复活节的专题好爱啊~~~~~谢谢Pennyz~~~ He is risen~~~~~~~~~
---------------------------------------------------------
Speaker: loan forgiveness programs        
         and counting: talk about a number that is continuing to change and you expect that change
         count down: count backwards
         student loans: money you get from a bank to cover the expenses in university
         discharge: no longer have to pay it; in place of money, do sth other than paying back money
         qualify for sth: meet the requirements for sth
         pay off: pay back
         subsidize: provide financial support for sth; sth that otherwise you will not be able to afford
         public service: jobs that help the public
         commitment: promise to do sth. obligation
         You're telling me: informal way of showing your agreement
         be indebted: owe money to someone
         I get it: I understand
         get out from under: be relieved from some burden or obligation; have to do but do not want to
         free at last
time2: 1min 18"
       Easter marked Jesus' resurrection from death and the holiday is the most important day on the calendar of Christian.
time3: 1min 25"
       Two remarkable things about the Holy Week: Last Supper and Good Friday. Jesus ate the last supper with his disciples
       and told them to love and serve each other as he did. Jesus was crusified on Good Friday. During special Good Friday
       services Christians remember Jesus' suffering and death on the cross, and what this means for their faith.
time4: 1min 42"
       The tradition of Easter bunny cannot be found in the Holy Bible. German immigrants brought the Easter bunny tradition
       to the New World and finally spreaded all over the continent. Easter bunny is a symbol of prolifiration.
time5: 1min
       Easter eggs are likely linked to pagan traditions. From a Christian perspective, Easter eggs are said to represent
       Jesus' emergence from the tomb and resurrection. Easter egg hunts and egg rolling are two popular egg-related traditions.
time6: 2min 18"
       Easter is the second largest festival for candy selling, just after Halloween. Thousands of hundreds of candies are made
       and sold on Easter. New York City has the tradition of Easter parade on the Fifth Avenue in Manhattan.
Obstacle: 6min 15"
       复活节的五个神话
       1.耶稣是实实在在复活了
       当耶稣被埋葬在坟墓中时，他的坟墓有兵丁把守，他的门徒极度恐惧，四下逃散。作者认为这与他们后来视死如归的传道行为
       反差极大。所以他们一定是看到了什么让他们信心大增的事情，那就是耶稣实实在在的复活了。
       2.耶稣复活后第一次显现不是给彼得看的
       耶稣复活后第一次是向抹大拉的马利亚看的。
       3.四旬期都是关于献祭
       四旬期不仅仅是献祭，而是让人们反思自己做了什么。有爱吗? 有宽恕吗?
       4.复活节彩蛋与复活节无关
       复活节吃鸡蛋在早期教徒中也是有宗教含义的，象征主耶稣从坟墓里复活与新生。现在东正教徒仍然会在鸡蛋表面画
       宗教图案来纪念主耶稣。
       5.复活节不如圣诞节重要
       在复活节人们虽然不会花很多时间像过圣诞节那样采购、写贺卡互相祝贺，但是复活节是基督教的中心事件之一。圣诞节
       庆祝耶稣的降世为人，复活节则是基督教信仰的核心，象征耶稣的死而复生和上帝的无所不能。

菜农人民

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