OG 63:
When Congress reconvenes, some newlyelected members from rural states will try and establish tighter restrictionsfor the amount of grain farmers are to be allowed to grow and to encourage more aggressive sales ofUnited States farm products overseas. (A) and establish tighter restrictionsfor the amount of grain farmers are to be allowed to grow and to encourage (B) and establish tighter restrictionson the amount of grain able to be grown by farmers and encouraging (C) establishing tighter restrictionsfor the amount of grain farmers are allowed to grow and to encourage (D) to establish tighter restrictions onthe amount of grain capable of being grown by farmers and encouraging (E) to establish tighter restrictions onthe amount of grain farmers will be allowed to grow and to encourage OA:E
OG 77:
A 1972 agreement between Canada and the United States reduced the amount of phosphatesthat municipalities had been allowed to dump into the Great Lakes. (A) reduced the amount ofphosphates that municipalities had been allowed to dump (B) reduced the phosphateamount that municipalities had been dumping (C) reduces the phosphateamount municipalities have been allowed to dump (D) reduced the amount ofphosphates that municipalities are allowed to dump (E) reduces the amount ofphosphates allowed for dumping by municipalities OA: D
Question:
77题目中对are allowed to 的解释是:
agreement做了reduce这个动作,在1972年,reduced用过去式 如果agreement到现在还生效(只是进行了修改,如增加amount),用municipalities are allowed to 如果agreement到现不生效了,用municipalities were allowed to municipalities had been allowed过去完成时没有参照时间,与reduced没有先后关系。
懂了~~~~
Here's a parallel example which might help to shed some light on theissue: (A) In 2010, I decided to reduce the number of calories that I hadeaten. (prior to 2010??? How can I retroactively do this?)
(D) In 2010, I decided to reduce the number of calories that I ate.(from that point forward) It is nonsensical to believe that a past agreementcould reduce the amount of phosphates that municipalities had been allowedto dump, since the dumping had already taken place. In other words, it is notpossible to retroactively reduce the amount of dumping.
过去已经被同意排放的量是不能被减少的,只能减少那之后的~所以77的过去完成时是错的
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