2月22日作业答案

belinda_cao

长难句（复杂修饰）

The methods that a community devises to perpetuate itself come into being to preserve aspects of  the cultural legacy that  community perceives as essential.  

翻译：一个社会设计出来保存自己的方法得以形成来保持那个社会认为最重要的一些方面。读法：初级：读出主谓宾来。分析：主语：The methods； 谓语：come into being；不定式to引导表示目的状语。高级：直接读，见后。考查能力：考查考生的大脑容量。

Virginia Woolf’s provocative statement about her intentions in writing Mrs. Dalloway has regularly been ignored by the critics，since it highlights an aspect of her literary interests very different from the traditional picture of the "poetic" novelist concerned with examining states of reverie and vision and with following the intricate pathways of individual consciousness.

译文：弗吉尼亚.伍尔夫（Virginia Woolf）在创作《黛洛维夫人》（Mrs. Dalloway）时有关其创作意图的这番发人深思的陈述，迄今为止一贯为文学评论家们所忽略，因为它突出反映了她诸多文学兴趣中某一方面，而这一方面则与人们对“诗性”小说家（poetic novelist）所形成的传统见解大相径庭。所谓的“诗性”小说家，所关注的是审视想入非非和白日梦幻的诸般状态，并致力于追寻个体意识的通幽曲径。
解释：本句逗号以前只有复杂修饰的长主语有些难，但总的来讲比较好懂，since引导的原因状语从句较难。
A、 since之后的it指前面的statement，highlight的宾语an aspect之后有两个修饰成分，一个是of her literary interests，　另一个是以that引导的定语从句that is very different from the traditional picture of the poetic novelist，都是修饰an aspect的。Novelist后面又有由and 连接的两个介词结构concerned with doing 修饰novelist.
B、 句中有两处省略，一是在her literary interests that is very different from当中，修饰interests的定语从句中引导词＋be that is 一起省略了。第二处在and之后，由于concerned with与前面的concerned with重复，所以concerned被省略。
C、 本句另外一个难懂的地方，就是使用了大量的抽象词。这是文学市评论题材的文章的一个特点。

阅读题目

Findings (from several studies on corporate mergers and acquisitions during the 1970s and 1980s) raise questions (about why firms initiate and consummate such transactions) .

One study showed, for example, that acquiring firms were on average unable to maintain( acquired  firm’s  Pre-merger) levels of profitability.

A second study concluded that post-acquisition gains( to most acquiring firms )were not adequate to cover the premiums (paid to obtain acquired firms.)

A third demonstrated that , following the announcement of a prospective merger, the  stock of the prospective acquiring firm tends to increase (in value)( much less than ) does that  of the firm for which it bids. (it= acquiring firm ,)（the stock of A tend  to do more than that of B , the A bid for B）

Yet mergers  and acquisitions remain common , and bidders continue to assert  that  their objective are economic ones.

Acquisitions may (well) have the desirable effect of channeling (that) a nation’s resources efficiently from less to more efficient sectors of its economy , but the individual acquisitions executives (arranging these deals) must see them(指代effects) as advancing（n） either their own or their companies’ private economic interests.

It seems that factors （having litter to do with corporate economic interests ）explain acquisitions. These factors may include the incentive compensation of executives, lack of monitoringby boards of directors, and managerial error in estimating the value of firms （targeted for acquisition）. Alternativel , the acquisition acts（ of bidders） may derive from modeling: a manager does what other managers do.

Consummate英] [ˈkɔnsəˌmeɪt
vt. （婚礼后的）圆房；完成；作成；使达到极点
adj. 完美的；至上的；圆满的；无比的

Premium [ˈpri:miəm  
n. 费用，额外费用；保险费；奖赏，奖励；（商品定价、贷款利息等以外的）加价

PIE
P: findings raise questions
I: 1) Acquiring firms are unable to main the acquired firms pre-merger’s level of profitability
   2) Gains is not adequate to cover the premium paid to obtain the acquired company .
   3) The stock of the acquiring firm tend to increase less more than that of the firm for which it bids for

E: 1) Acquisition may  have the desirable effects  of channeling  a nation’s resources efficiently  from less to more efficient sectors of its economy, but the executives must see advancing either  on their own or companies’ private economic interest.

2)The factors  which can explain the acquisition include  the compensation of executives, lack of evidence and  managerial errors .

答案是 CCEDED

语法题目

模板提要：严格根据妖庆的上课内容，从分析题目切入到心经运用选项分析，描述出做题真实的过程。

Scientists have observed large concentrations of heavy-metal deposits in the upper twenty centimeters of Baltic Sea sediments, which are consistent with the growth of industrial activity there.

(A) Baltic Sea sediments, which are consistent with the growth of industrial activity there

(B) Baltic Sea sediments, where the growth of industrial activity is consistent with these findings

(C) Baltic Sea sediments, findings consistent with its growth of industrial activity

(D) sediments from the Baltic Sea, findings consistent with the growth of industrial activity in the area

(E) sediments from the Baltic Sea, consistent with the growth of industrial activity there

思路分析：

1 入题第一步，迅速发现划线部分位于句末，心中意识到选项可能会有大捞句的出现（大捞句：句末出现doing/done/词组）

2 第二步纵览五个选项（首/尾），发现区别集中于尾部。选项A which放句末作为形容词罩会出现指代不明的情况，无法判断which指的是前面的句子，还是sediments。选项B应该用in which。Where是口语化的说法。选项C,D均为大美句暂且留下。选项E是大捞句果断排除。

3 剩下C,D进一步分析 选项C存在代词its存在风险，排除之。

4 句子结构为

SVO 修饰语修饰语修饰语，插入语 (连用三个修饰语，每一个修饰语紧压前一个N)

5 题目考察点  后半部分考察对前半部分的指代问题（定语从句，IT 指代）

答案：D

   Geologists believe that the warning signs for a major earthquake may include sudden fluctuations in local seismic activity, tilting and other deformations of the Earth's crust, changing the measured strain across a fault zone and varying the electrical properties of underground rocks.

(A) changing the measured strain across a fault zone and varying

(B) changing measurements of the strain across a fault zone, and varying

(C) changing the strain as measured across a fault zone, and variations of

(D) changes in the measured strain across a fault zone, and variations in

(E) changes in measurements of the strain across a fault zone, and variations among

思路分析：

1 入题第一步，迅速发现划线部分位于句中，心中意识到可能要结合句子前后分析细节。

2 纵览五个选项（首/尾）发现前三个选项为doing，后两个为名词。根据心经“and/but前后寻”的心经指示，敏锐的发现划线部分前面用黄色标出的句子中有and连接并且deformation为名词，根据完美平行原则判断出ABC的doing形式不完美，排除。

3 剩下的D E选项根据纵览的结果区别在于句尾介词。在已经使用过前后句细节无法判断的情况下，回到选项中寻找答案。发现选项中前面change使用的是in，故根据完美平行原则and后的介词也应当使用in 排除E选项

4 句子结构： SVC1SVO2, N, N and N.

5 题目考察点： 并列连词的使用   答案：D

逻辑题

Snowmaking machine work by spraying a mist that freezes immediately on contact with cold air. Because the sudden freezing kills bacteria. Quick freeze is planning to market a wastewater purification system that works on the same principle. The process works only when temperatures are cold, however, so municipalities using it will still need to maintain a conventional system.

　Which of the following, if true, provides the strongest grounds for a prediction that municipalities will buy QuickFreeze’s purification system despite the need to maintain a conventional purification system as well?

A.       Bacteria are not the only impurities that must be removed from wastewater

B.       Many municipalities have old wastewater purification systems that need to be replaced

C.       Conventional wastewater purification systems have not been fully successful in killing bacteria at cold temperatures.

D.       During times of warm weather, when it is not in use, QuickFreeze’s purification system requires relatively little maintenance.

E.        Places where the winters are cold rarely have a problem of water shortage

该题题型：逻辑加强，加强题型是Gmat 当中第二常见的题型 Supports/helps/Justifies

做题步骤：They are not the opposite of must be true questions!

•          The stimulus will contain an argument

•          Find the conclusion and premises

•          Focus on the conclusion – the answer choices will affect the conclusion

•          Information in the stimulus is suspect – there could be reasoning errors!

•          The answer choices should be accepted, even if they include new information!

Find an assumption made by the author – if an answer choice spells out a previously unstated assumption, it could be correct (C 传统不能在天冷下杀菌)

不正确选项：

•          Opposite answers – If you aren’t paying close attention, you might choose an answer that weakens the argument! (A,E)

•          Shell game answers – support a conclusion that is similar to the conclusion in the stimulus, but not the same. (D 当天气温暖时，净水器不使用时，只需要很少能量维护)

•          Out of scope answers – irrelevant information that is not directly related to the argument/conclusion(B)