新PREP第一套逻辑题第110题求助

babybear2013

答案是E。

我的想法是：要找出一个能够攻击“医生在明明知晓手术的风险和费用的前提下，却依然为了磨练自己的医术和高昂的手术收入，而劝说每4个患者中的1个接受这种只能给75%患者带来益处的搭桥手术“这个结论。是不是因为E选项的意思是“手术后，得到了benefit的患者和没有得到benefit的患者, 两者间的区别是根本无法从医学手段分辨清楚的“，所以攻击了“医生知晓手术风险“这点，让结论不成立？不知道这样子理解是否有偏差，跪谢大牛指点迷津，多谢多谢！

Ofpatients over 65 years old who survived coronary bypass surgery—a procedurewidely prescribed for people with heart disease—only 75 percent benefited fromthe surgery.  Thus it appears that forone in four such patients, the doctors who advised them to undergo thissurgery, with its attendant risks and expense, were more interested in anopportunity to practice their skills and in their fee than in helping thepatient.

Whichof the following, if true, most seriously undermines the argument?

A.Many of the patients who receive coronary bypass surgery are less than 55 yearsold.

B.Possible benefits of coronary bypass surgery include both relief from troublingsymptoms and prolongation of life.

C.Most of the patients in the survey decided to undergo coronary bypass surgerybecause they were advised that the surgery would reduce their risk of futureheart attacks.

D.The patients over 65 years old who did not benefit from the coronary bypasssurgery were as fully informed as those who did benefit from the surgery as tothe risks of the surgery prior to undergoing it.

E.The patients who underwent coronary bypass surgery but who did not benefit fromit were medically indistinguishable, prior to their surgery, from the patientswho did benefit.

wjtwenzi

这道题我做过好几次了，应该算是老熟人了吧~
楼主的思考是没有错的，作为削弱题，削弱的点最好是跟着结论走。
本题的结论是：
“在每四个病人中就有一个人，医生劝说他做手术更多是因为医生想要磨练技术并收取可观的手术费而不是降低病患风险。”

但是医生能否确定病人是否需要手术？如果医生根本判断不出来病人做手术能得到改善，那么结论中的”每四个病人中的一个“就不成立了。
这道题就是把概率绝对化而忽视了其他问题。

BTW，我不是大牛，也是一枚小白~