求解一题 heir 逻辑笔记part 1-119

认真点认真点

请问这道题的E为什么不对  载货量少导致三轮比一轮出事率低不是也可以被理解为独立第三因素吗？并不是因为三轮安全而是因为三轮载货量少
In the nation of Partoria, large trucks currently account for 6 percent of miles driven on Partoria’s roads but are involved in 12 percent of all highway fatalities.The very largest trucks—those with three trailers—had less than a third of the accident rate of single-and double-trailer trucks.Clearly, therefore, one way for Partoria to reduce highway deaths would be to require shippers to increase their use of triple-trailer trucks.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?

A.Partorian trucking companies have so far used triple-trailer trucks on lightly traveled sections of major highways only.

B.No matter what changes Partoria makes in the regulation of trucking, it will have to keep some smaller roads off-limits to all large trucks.

C.Very few fatal collisions involving trucks in Partoria are collisions between two trucks.

D.In Partoria, the safety record of the trucking industry as a whole has improved slightly over the past ten years.

E.In Partoria, the maximum legal payload of a triple-trailer truck is less than three times the maximum legal payload of the largest of the single-trailer trucks.

ashlyzhu

这题为什么选a,呀？？A说只在highways 上用large trucks,所以才会产生12%这么高的死亡率。那么岂不是加强了，用large trucks更好吗？
E没有关系的。载货量和死亡率没有关系的吧。。。就算有关系的话，large trucks 载货量少，死亡率低，那么应该用多用large trucks呀，岂不是加强呀。。。
为什么呀？？？？为甚么选A呀？？？

Helr

求拼对名字

首先咱们先翻译一下这个E。E的意思是：“三节卡车的最大合法载重量小于一节开车最大合法载重量的三倍”。这个选项描述的内容是三节卡车载重量的特点，或者说是其载重的能力，并不是其实际载了多少重量。载重能力总是和安全与否没有必然联系，更加不能说明开车为什么安全了。

Hope that helps~

ashlyzhu

In the nation of Partoria, large trucks currently account for 6 percent of miles driven on Partoria’s roads but are involved in 12 percent of all highway fatalities.
The very largest trucks—those with three trailers—had less than a third of the accident rate of single- and double-trailer trucks.
Clearly, therefore, one way for Partoria to reduce highway deaths would be to require shippers to increase their use of triple-trailer trucks.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?
A. No matter what changes Partoria makes in the regulation of trucking, it will have to keep some smaller roads off-limits to all large trucks.
B. So far only the best, most experienced drivers for Partorian trucking companies have been driving triple-trailer trucks.
C. Very few fatal collisions involving trucks in Partoria are collisions between two trucks.
D. In Partoria, the safety record of the trucking industry as a whole has improved slightly over the past ten years.
E. In Partoria, the maximum legal payload of a triple-trailer truck is less than three times the maximum legal payload of the largest of the single-trailer trucks.
这题不一样啊。。。选B很合理，，，

Helr

ashlyzhu 发表于 2013-9-25 12:43
这题为什么选a,呀？？A说只在highways 上用large trucks,所以才会产生12%这么高的死亡率。那么岂不是加强了 ...

额。。好多问号。。问的我有点蒙。。。

这个就是对于推理模式的掌握问题了，也是我们做题时为什么要分类型。

比如这个题目，其实结论是把前提说的巧合的两件事情连起来了。即该论证认为，是三节卡车导致的安全。A选项实际上给了一个另外的导致安全的原因（独立第三因素，或者叫他因排除可能你会更喜欢一点？），就是路好（主要的高速公路嘛）导致安全，显然就不一定是由于车好了（三节卡车），自然可以削弱原文了。

hope that helps~

Helr

ashlyzhu 发表于 2013-9-25 12:50
In the nation of Partoria, large trucks currently account for 6 percent of miles driven on Partoria ...

这和刚才那个A不是一样么，同样是独立第三因素，只不过这回说的是司机好导致的安全了。

sammilulu

载货量和出交通事故是没有关联的；如果说超载还有可能，但原文也没说超载；所以选E的话我觉得是带进了real world的thinking，也许咱们新闻看多了，潜意识里把载货量和交通事故挂了钩，其实半毛钱关系也没有。

很多人都说，作逻辑要简单，我想也许就是no overthinking

认真点认真点

Helr 发表于 2013-9-25 12:47
求拼对名字

首先咱们先翻译一下这个E。E的意思是：“三节卡车的最大合法载重量小于一节开车最大合法载 ...

谢谢nn！！！我错了 呜呜呜呜 抱大腿
能再给我说说因果推理两个cq 怎么区别的么 我知道一个是关于因果关系逻辑链 另一个是因的特点的可信度 但是真的做题的时候并不是特别清楚怎么样算是改变了因的特点或者是因果概括？

ashlyzhu

Helr 发表于 2013-9-25 12:53
额。。好多问号。。问的我有点蒙。。。

这个就是对于推理模式的掌握问题了，也是我们做题时为什么要分类 ...

既然您说是三节卡车导致的安全问题，那么题中的结论不是：one way for Partoria to reduce highway deaths would be to require shippers to increase their use of triple-trailer trucks，干吗还要增加用三节卡车呀？
不明白哦。。。。

Helr

ashlyzhu 发表于 2013-9-25 16:05
既然您说是三节卡车导致的安全问题，那么题中的结论不是：one way for Partoria to reduce highway death ...

不是三节卡车有安全问题哈，是三节卡车会让货车和货物安全~