求助FEIFEI Logic 23题目

zhouyangweiwei

21. Historian: We can learn aboutthe medical history of individuals through chemical analysis of their hair. Itis likely, for example, that Isaac Newton’s psychological problems were due tomercury poisoning; traces of mercury were found in his hair. Analysis is nowbeing done on a lock of Beethoven’s hair. Although no convincing argument hasshown that Beethoven ever had a venereal disease, some people hypothesize thatvenereal disease caused his deafness. Since mercury was commonly ingested inBeethoven’s time to treat venereal disease, if researchers find a trace ofmercury in his hair, we can conclude that this hypothesis is correct.

Which one of the following is anassumption on which the historian’s argument depends?

A.      Noneof the mercury introduced into the body can be eliminated.

B.      Somepeople in Beethoven’s time did not ingest mercury.

C.      Mercuryis an effective treatment for venereal disease.

D.      Mercurypoisoning can cause deafness in people with venereal disease.

E.       Beethovensuffered from psychological problems of the same severity as Newton’s.

Thereshould be 2 assumptions to support the hypothesis. The 1st assumption of theauthor is that only venereal disease will be treated by mercury inBeethoven’s time. The 2nd assumption is only some people in Beethoven'stime will ingest mercury, if all people ingest mercury, the evidence is notuseful. So, some people in Beethoven's time did not ingest mercury. Theanswer should be B.

A, Ehave nothing to do with the argument.

C isnot necessary, 'Since mercury was commonly ingested in Beethoven’s time totreat venereal disease' is enough.

D iswrong:  according to the author, it is the venereal disease thatwill cause the deafness, not the mercury poison.

题目如上。 每次在做这种What assumptions ......depends?的时候都没有一个很清晰的思路.

请求大侠们指点迷津。


这个题目的第一个假设我能理解， 就是这些历史学家认为：在贝多芬的年代，水银只用于治疗性病，但关于解释的第二个假设就昏掉了。


按照详解里面的理解是： 只有一部分人服用水银，如果是所有人都服用水银的话，这个证据就是无用的。 。。。第二个推理链完全不清楚


求解求解

zhouyangweiwei

自己顶一下，望得到大家的指点。

vertex顶点

zhouyangweiwei 发表于 2013-9-6 01:01
自己顶一下，望得到大家的指点。

假设题分完全和不完全假设，即support和defend，完全假设要找出gap补出，不完全假设是not weaken。而假设题中90%都是不完全假设，作假设题的时候，先看选项里有not的或者有less、fewer这样表示削弱的词，正确答案都有这样的特征

zhouyangweiwei

vertex顶点 发表于 2013-9-6 08:32
假设题分完全和不完全假设，即support和defend，完全假设要找出gap补出，不完全假设是not weaken。而假设 ...

谢谢Vertex。但你说的这种不完全假设，在这个题目里面怎么理解呀？

vertex顶点

zhouyangweiwei 发表于 2013-9-7 10:39
谢谢Vertex。但你说的这种不完全假设，在这个题目里面怎么理解呀？

逻辑区有专门的SDCAR的逻辑入门，很经典的东西，你去看看 对你有帮助。 关于完全假设和不完全假设三言两语说了你也不易理解，去逻辑区能找到bible，看bible的第9章，讲的清晰，都很不错，建议你去看看