PREP08 CR115

crazysuo

115.        (24536-!-item-!-188;#058&000941)        (GWD 30-Q26)

In countries where automobile insurance includes compensation for whiplash injuries sustained in automobile accidents, reports of having suffered such injuries are twice as frequent as they are in countries where whiplash is not covered. Some commentators have argued, correctly, that since there is presently no objective test for whiplash, spurious reports of whiplash injuries cannot be readily identified. These commentators are, however, wrong to draw the further conclusion that in the countries with the higher rates of reported whiplash injuries, half of the reported cases are spurious:  clearly, in countries where automobile insurance does not include compensation for whiplash, people often have little incentive to report whiplash injuries that they actually have suffered.

In the argument given, the two boldfaced portions play which of the following roles?

A. The first is evidence that has been used to support a conclusion that the argument criticizes; the second is that conclusion.

B. The first is evidence that has been used to support a conclusion that the argument criticizes; the second is the position that the argument defends.

C. The first is a claim that has been used to support a conclusion that the argument accepts; the second is the position that the argument defends.

D. The first is an intermediate conclusion that has been used to support a conclusion that the argument defends; the second is the position that the argument opposes.

E. The first presents a claim that is disputed in the argument; the second is a conclusion that has been drawn on the basis of that claim.

这道题的变体太多了，黑体部分不同，选项也不同，但是唯独没明白为什么这题选的是a？尤其是黑2怎么会是conclusion！请大家帮个忙~

tiny106

额。。。。您这道题的黑体部分在哪里？

crazysuo

tiny106 发表于 2013-7-22 23:10
额。。。。您这道题的黑体部分在哪里？

有了哈

tiny106

哦 我觉得这个题的逻辑链是这样的：先是给出一个事实（在有xx伤赔偿的地方，XX伤赔偿的报告要比没有XX伤赔偿的地方多出一倍），然后根据这个事实+另外一个事实（没有对这种伤的客观评价）一些人得出一个结论：一些人伪造报告很难识别。然后作者发表了一个声明（这些人得出的进一步的结论说一半的报告都是伪造的是错误的），然后说出了自己的一个理由（在那些没有赔偿的地方，人们很少报告自己受伤）。
所以第一个黑体肯定是个证据，而不是声明，因为是个事实。剩下A B两个选项。
然后后面的那个黑体是Some commentators 得出的结论，根据之前的事实得出的，是作者要抨击的，不是要支持的。

crazysuo

tiny106 发表于 2013-7-22 23:25
哦 我觉得这个题的逻辑链是这样的：先是给出一个事实（在有xx伤赔偿的地方，XX伤赔偿的报告要比没有XX伤赔 ...

可是我觉得第二个黑体是事实啊，是commentator用来支持结论的，黑体后面的才是作者criticize的conclusion吧

tiny106

crazysuo 发表于 2013-7-22 23:30
可是我觉得第二个黑体是事实啊，是commentator用来支持结论的，黑体后面的才是作者criticize的conclusion ...

1，作者已经是说了第二个结论是further conclusion，是进一步的结论

但是我怎么看别的地方说这道题的正确答案是E啊，楼主您再去确认一下吧，我也研究一下。

ciciW

crazysuo 发表于 2013-7-22 23:30
可是我觉得第二个黑体是事实啊，是commentator用来支持结论的，黑体后面的才是作者criticize的conclusion ...

注意A中的that 即第一个黑体部分和黑体部分之后的那句话，这两句话是两个证据，去支持第二个黑体部分的结论。楼主可能把A中的第二个部分理解为整个文章的conclusion了 是吗？