【请教】Prep08的2个逻辑题+一個BF題 （新）

bessieUNL

July 16th updated.
后面的第二第三题pisco已经替我解答了。现在就还有这个题了
谢谢大家

Environmental organizations want topreserve the land surrounding the Wilgrinn Wilderness Area from residentialdevelopment. They planto do this by purchasing that land from the farmers who own it. That plan isill-conceived: if the farmers did sell their land, they would sell it to thehighest bidder, and developers would outbid any other bidders. On the otherhand, thesefarmers will never actually sell any of the land, provided that farming itremains viable. Butfarming will not remain viable if the farms are left unmodernized, and most ofthe farmers lack the financial resources modernization requires. And that isexactly why a more sensible preservation strategy would be to assist thefarmers to modernize their farms to the extent needed to maintain viability.

In the argument as a whole, the two boldface proportions play which of thefollowing roles?

A. The first presents a goal that the argument rejects as ill-conceived; thesecond is evidence that is presented as grounds for that rejection.
B. The first presents a goal that the argument concludes cannot be attained;the second is a reason offered in support of that conclusion.
C. The first presents a goal that the argument concludes can be attained; thesecond is a judgment disputing that conclusion.
D. The first presents a goal, strategies for achieving which are beingevaluated in the argument; the second is a judgment providing a basis for theargument’s advocacy of a particular strategy.
E. The first presents a goal that the argument endorses; the second presents asituation that the argument contends must be changed if that goal is to be metin the foreseeable future.

我的想法：根據第一個BF 作者在於說這個goal 被實現的方法 （一個是要farmer還地,which is not pragmatical) 還有另外一個。所以應該是在evaluate/endorse （這裡其實不確定應不應該理解為endorse, 即認可） 然後  就確定答案是 DE. 之後 解析 是這樣寫的：因為second BF started with On the other hand, so its a 論據。which leads to D being the correct one。 不明白 E中gives an example as "xxxsituation " 也是論據吧？？？
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這裡是第二種解析：

GWD：能不能上来就拿因果词判断？

答：可以。因为两句话可以看作全标黑（on the other hand不用看）。这时候可以看因果词，看两句话之间关系，两句话与最后一句话之间的关系三种方法。

做法：1第二个黑体字有on theother hand,所以不是观点，应该列举的是一个论据性方面的内容.先看选项第二句的分析

2 分析选项，A evidence B reason C judgement support conclusion D judgement providebasis E situation 排除 C E

3 比较第一句：Areject B cannot be D evaluate.D中是中性词最好  
這個方法不明白的地方在於 中性詞 ？？？ 爲什麽？？？要選作為中性詞的

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------july 16th-------------------------------------


首先是EXCEPT的這題 題目在attached的圖里
想问 答案给的是E
然后我觉得D也对。想问大家我哪里想错了

然後是BF的題

115.      

根據cd上prep08 cr的解析 這個題有兩個答案 B&C。

第二個BF的是類似于作者接受的結論？（。。不懂到底是否为结论）
然后第一個就比較不明白 如果答案是B或者C 那麼第一個BF的作用就可以是
1）an evidence to support the conclusion the arguement criticize.  作為arguement所評論的結論的論據
2) a claim to support the conclusion the arguement accepts.  作為argument 所接受的結論的論據。
所以到底這個evidence or claim是在support a criticized OR accepted conclusion ???

In countries whereautomobile insurance includes compensation for whiplash injuries sustained inautomobile accidents, reports of having suffered such injuries are twice asfrequent as they are in countries where whiplash is not covered.  Some commentators have argued, correctly,that since there is presently no objective test for whiplash, spurious reportsof whiplash injuries cannot be readily identified.  These commentators are, however, wrong todraw the further conclusion that in the countries with the higher rates ofreported whiplash injuries, half of the reported cases are spurious:  clearly, incountries where automobile insurance does not include compensation forwhiplash, people often have little incentive to report whiplash injuries thatthey actually have suffered.

Inthe argument given, the two boldfaced portions play which of the followingroles?

A.The first is evidence that has been used to support a conclusion that theargument criticizes; the second is that conclusion.

B.The first is evidence that has been used to support a conclusion that theargument criticizes; the second is the position that the argument defends.

C.The first is a claim that has been used to support a conclusion that theargument accepts; the second is the position that the argument defends.

D.The first is an intermediate conclusion that has been used to support aconclusion that the argument defends; the second is the position that theargument opposes.

E.The first presents a claim that is disputed in the argument; the second is aconclusion that has been drawn on the basis of that claim.

謝謝大家了

bessieUNL

没人理。。？QAQ

pisco

对于第一题，我做的时候选择B。
我认为，第一句黑体话只是一个事实（finding、evidence），要看文章后面怎么说才能确定它是用于support还是dispute。第二句黑体话，是argument结论的原因。而文章的结论是有however那一句。所以最后综合起来，我选了B。
对于答案，第一个黑体，要是从文章第二句话来看（argued，correctly），是在support a conclusion the argument accept，若从文章第三句话来看（however，wrong to draw the further conclusion）就是support a conclusion the argument critisize.

pisco

第二题按题目是要选出一个有利于原来那个electronic switches的, D选项说其他部件要在radiation下才有能力工作，而electronic switches 受不了intense radiation，所以D 不可以。
E 选项明确说了against intense radiation，就是对electronic switches 有利，则可以选。

bessieUNL

pisco 发表于 2013-7-16 11:20
对于第一题，我做的时候选择B。
我认为，第一句黑体话只是一个事实（finding、evidence），要看文章后面怎 ...

谢谢！
反復看了你的講解終於懂了