天山-4-5 criticisms = unconvinced?

katie83

以下是引用a-ga在2005-7-4 22:16:00的发言：
求助--In any case, failure to find fossils of a predicted kind does not rule out their existence in an undiscovered deposit.請問這句該怎麼解讀??我轉不過來.謝先了!

在任何情况下,没有找到预测的物种化石不能否认它们的存在(转义,原文是不能证明这些化石在没有被发现的废墟中)

katie83

以下是引用wangyu73cn在2005-7-21 12:06:00的发言：

Although many lines of evidence indicate that birds evolved from ground-dwelling theropod dinosaurs, some scientists remain unconvinced.
尽管有很多证据表明鸟源自陆生兽脚恐龙，但一些科学家仍有异议。

They argue that theropods appeared too late to have given rise to birds, noting that Archaeopteryx lithographica— the oldest known bird— appears in the fossil record about 150 million years ago, where-as the fossil remains of various nonavian maniraptor theropods— the closest known relatives of birds— date only to about 115 million years ago.
他们认为，兽脚恐龙的出现较鸟类还要晚些。

But investigators have now uncovered bones that evidently belong to nonavian maniraptors dating to the time of Archaeopteryx.
但调查发现了一类兽脚恐龙的骨骼，他们于始祖鸟同代。

In any case, failure to find fossils of a predicted kind does not rule out their existence in an undiscovered deposit.
无论如何，未能发现某种推测物种的化石，并不能排除其存在于未知埋藏地的可能。

Skeptics also argue that the fused clavicles (the “wishbone”) of birds differ from the unfused clavicles of theropods.
持怀疑态度的人还认为鸟和兽脚恐龙的锁骨不同。

This objection was reasonable when only early theropod clavicles had been discovered, but fossilized theropod clavicles that look just like the wishbone of Archaeopteryx have now been unearthed.
只有在早起兽脚恐龙的锁骨被发现时，这一异议才能成立，但已有化石仅表明其锁骨类似于始祖鸟的。

Finally, some scientists argue that the complex lungs of birds could not have evolved from theropod lungs, an assertion that cannot be supported or falsified at the moment, because no fossil lungs are preserved in the paleontological record.
最后，肺有差异一点，也没有考古发现支持。

Which of the following is mentioned in the passage as an argument made by scientists who are unconvinced that birds evolved from theropod dinosaurs?

A. There are no known theropod dinosaur fossils dating from a period after the time of Archaeopteryx. 反

B.  There are no known theropod dinosaur fossils that indicate the structure of those dinosaurs’ lungs. 反

C.  Theropod dinosaurs appear in the fossil record about 150 million years ago. 反

D. Theropod dinosaurs did not have fused clavicles. 是论据

E.Theropod dinosaurs had certain bones that look just like those of Archaeopteryx. 反

可是原文只说了differ from,并没有说did not have 啊,这是怎么回事呢?请nn们指教

pengfei1102

en  

caterpillarcn

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[此贴子已经被作者于2006-8-22 1:29:10编辑过]

caterpillarcn

oh no, it still ought to be D.

晴天小狗

Although many lines of evidence indicate
that birds evolved from ground-dwelling
theropod dinosaurs, some scientists remain
unconvinced. They argue that theropods
(5)  appeared too late to have given rise to birds,
noting that Archaeopteryx lithographica – the
oldest known bird – appears in the fossil
record about 150 million years ago, where
-as the fossil remains of various nonavian
(10) maniraptor theropods – the closest known
relatives of birds – date only to about 115
million years ago. But investigators have
now uncovered bones that evidently belong
to nonavian maniraptors dating to the time of
(15) Archaeopteryx. In any case, failure to find
fossils of a predicted kind does not rule out
their existence in an undiscovered deposit.
Skeptics also argue that the fused clavicles
(the “wishbone”) of birds differ from the
(20) unfused clavicles of theropods. This
objection was reasonable when only early
theropod clavicles had been discovered,
but fossilized theropod clavicles that look
just like the wishbone of Archaeopteryx
(25) have now been unearthed. Finally, some
scientists argue that the complex lungs of
birds could not have evolved from theropod
lungs, an assertion that cannot be supported
or falsified at the moment, because no fossil
(30) lungs are preserved in the paleontological
record.

T-4-Q6

In the context of the passage, the phrase “fossils of a predicted kind”(line 16) most likely refers to which of the following?

1. Theropod fossils with fused clavicles

2. Theropod fossils that are similar in structure to Archaeopteryx fossils

3. Theropod fossils dating back more than 150 million years

4. Fossils indicating the structure of theropod lungs

5. Fossils indicating the structure of Archaeopteryx lungs

why A?  我选了c，作者说fossiles of a predicted kind是否定前面科学家的怀疑，而A的clavicles在后面，似乎和这个没什么关系啊...

ptr07

7 D is the closest, but not the best answer
since others are wrong,
B is confusing though

muzikfantasy

我认为第六题应选B

1、C选项more than错，原文说about 150 million years ago 和dating to the time,不一定是150m years以前

      而且已经找到同时期的化石，没有什么failure了

2、A中fossils with错，原文说找到fossilized clavicles而不是fossils with clavicles

B对，原文那句是承上启下，既说150m ago左右的fossil又说后面的clavicles

[此贴子已经被作者于2007-2-26 22:17:10编辑过]

joejo9

Skeptics also argue that the fused clavicles

(the “wishbone”) of birds differ from the

(20) unfused clavicles of theropods.

原文並沒有說沒有clacicles啊

maypurple

T-4-Q5

The primary purpose of the passage is to

1. compare the development of two hypotheses concerning the evolutionary origin of birds
2. suggest revisions to the standard theory of the evolutionary history of birds
3. evaluate the usefulness of fossil evidence in determining the evolutionary history of birds
4. challenge the theory that birds evolved from ground-dwelling theropod dinosaurs
5. respond to criticisms of the theory that birds evolved from ground-dwelling theropod dinosaurs

 C为什么不对啊???????