被assumption题整惨了

芳芳钟

大家怎么对付assumption题的啊？
好像最常用的取非方法我没掌握好
首先不知道怎么取非，是在选项的谓语后加not吗？因为取非可能会产生好几种说法。
其次我发现取非完了之后，和结论经常找不出关系啊，不知道是weaken还是support, 总觉得无关啊。
请NN帮我举几个例子讲解讲解，小女子不胜感激

kiwiya

不需要很完整的取非啦，但是你要把握这个选项讲的是什么，然后你把它的意思反过来想就好了。
89. Rhizobium bacteria living in the roots of bean plants or other legumes produce fixed nitrogen, which is one of the essential plant nutrients and which for non-legume crops, such as wheat, normally must be supplied by applications of nitrogen-based fertilizer. So if biotechnology succeeds in producing wheat strains whose roots will play host to Rhizobium bacteria, the need for artificial fertilizers will be reduced.

The argument above makes which one of the following assumptions?

A.        Biotechnology should be directed toward producing plants that do not require artificial fertilize.
B.        Fixed nitrogen is currently the only soil nutrient that must be supplied by artificial fertilizer for growing wheat crops.
C.        There are no naturally occurring strains of wheat or other grasses that have Rhizobium bacteria living in their roots.
D.        Legumes are currently the only corps that produce their own supply of fixed nitrogen.
E.        Rhizobium bacteria living in the roots of wheat would produce fixed nitrogen.
正确选项E，取非就是这个R细菌不产生nitrogen，那么不就需要施nitrogen的肥了吗，所以argument就不正确了。

assumption和support的区别在于，assumption是没你不行，而support是有你更好（像老婆和情人的意思，lol）

芳芳钟

kiwiya 发表于 2013-4-4 17:14
不需要很完整的取非啦，但是你要把握这个选项讲的是什么，然后你把它的意思反过来想就好了。
89. Rhizobium ...

E选项不就是题干中的第一句话吗？

kiwiya

芳芳钟 发表于 2013-4-4 17:58
E选项不就是题干中的第一句话吗？

嗯 差不多啦 但不一样 你仔细看看

芳芳钟

请再帮我看看OG13 的77题 ，如何除非呢？
A recent report determined that although only three percent of drivers on Maryland highways equipped their vehicles with radar detectors, thirty-three percent of all vehicles ticketed for exceeding the speed limit were equipped with them.  Clearly, drivers who equip their vehicles with radar detectors are more likely to exceed the speed limit regularly than are drivers who do not.
The conclusion drawn above depends on which of the following assumptions?

(A) Drivers who equip their vehicles with radar detectors are less likely to be ticketed for exceeding the speed limit than are drivers who do not.

(B) Drivers who are ticketed for exceeding the speed limit are more likely to exceed the speed limit regularly than are drivers who are not ticketed.

(C) The number of vehicles that were ticketed for exceeding the speed limit was greater than the number of vehicles that were equipped with radar detectors.

(D) Many of the vehicles that were ticketed for exceeding the speed limit were ticketed more than once in the time period covered by the report.

(E) Drivers on Maryland highways exceeded the speed limit more often than did drivers on other state highways not covered in the report.


答案是B

真武剑

取反是做assumption题的一种好方法，但不是唯一的方法。

上面那道题，这样想更好一些：
论据：被罚的车里面，装雷达的车占了很高的比例。
论点：装雷达的车更容易超速。

读完题干读选项，当你读到B选项的时候，你会发现，B选项刚好就是论据和论点之间的一座桥梁。
B选项说：被罚的车确实就是那些经常超速的车。
多完美的选项啊。。。

如果你非要取反的话，也可以。B选项取反：被罚的车和超速的车不是一回事——题干中的推理就解体了。
不过，取反是要消耗一定的脑力和时间的。在正面推理想不通的情况下，再取反试试。

芳芳钟

真武剑 发表于 2013-4-5 02:45
取反是做assumption题的一种好方法，但不是唯一的方法。

上面那道题，这样想更好一些：

谢谢，我再试试。

真武剑

芳芳钟 发表于 2013-4-5 19:20
谢谢，我再试试。

去看一下OG的21题吧。和77题不是同一个题型，但思维方式却相同。有点儿意思

芳芳钟

真武剑 发表于 2013-4-5 22:21
去看一下OG的21题吧。和77题不是同一个题型，但思维方式却相同。有点儿意思 ...

你的意思是，这两题的相同点都是：

答案填补了题干中的一个前提和结论之间的gap吗？

真武剑

芳芳钟 发表于 2013-4-6 14:16
你的意思是，这两题的相同点都是：

答案填补了题干中的一个前提和结论之间的gap吗？ ...

是滴~~只是21题说得比较直接，77题说得比较含蓄。所以77题难度更高。

填补gap的选项，同样也可以作为加强题的答案。
添上个not就是削弱题的答案。

找不同题目的共同思路是很有意思的，但需要很大量的时间来练习。