转：练习阅读的五个步骤

竹林中人

转自：http://bbs.gter.net/bbs/thread-1493099-1-1.html

练习阅读的五个步骤，这五个步骤可以让你读一遍就可以把握住文章大意。前提是长难句已经很熟悉

长难句掌握程度的一个判断标准，四星级难度长难句一遍可以读懂且不需要回读，知道剔除并省略插入语，这个过程需要长难句研读3遍左右。建议长难句在每天早起用半小时和每天睡前半小时，以及休息时间读这样不会耽误到后面大块的阅读复习时间。

可以在做10-20篇GRE阅读之后用这个方法练习。不限时先抓正确率。总结错题时候根据这四个问题
写在纸上，并且知道每个答案错误的类型。分析错误选项也是一项技能

1) Why is the right answer right?
2) Why is my wrong answer wrong?
3) What about the right answer made me think it was wrong?
4) What about the wrong answer made me think it was right?

The first two are the normal review questions, but the second two are arguably more important. Those ones are going to tell you which errors in reasoning you're committing, and they're going to tell you which tricks the test-writers are using that you fall for.

知道错误选项的好处是对于你排除的选项，你越自信，你就越清楚的知道出题人改编错误选项的手段也越清楚ETS的圈套。

Definitely go the extra mile on each question. You can study only a third of the questions that someone else studies and learn more, if you really dig into what makes a great "wrong" answer choice.

Great "wrong" answer choices are ones that play off an easily followed misunderstanding of the passage or argument. There are frequently several common misreads of an argument that lead us to very specific wrong answer choices. Try and categorize incorrect answers as well, as being wrong for specific but generic reasons - detail creep, issue of degree, reversed logic, etc.

The more you see that the wrong answers are wrong for consistently the same reasons, the easier time you will have in making some of those final eliminations you'll need to make under tons of pressure.

Rate your confident on a 1-5 scale, 5 means confident when you eliminate the answer choice.

错题类型

1. Out of Scope
• Introduces an unwarranted assertion supported nowhere in the passage.
• Might be “Real-World Plausible.” That is, the answer might be true or seem to be true in the real world. However, if the answer is not supported in the passage, it is out of scope.

2. Direct Contradiction
• States the exact opposite of something asserted in the passage.
• Paradoxically attractive, because it relates to the passage closely. If you miss one contrast or switchback in the trail, you can easily think a Direct Contradiction is the right answer.

3. Mix-Up
• Scrambles together disparate content from the passage.
• Tries to trap the student who simply matches language, not meaning.

4. One Word Wrong
• Just one word (or maybe 2) is incorrect. Includes extreme words.
• More prevalent in General questions.

5. True but Irrelevant
• True according to the passage, but does not answer the given question.
• May be too narrow or simply unrelated.

用 The Economist, GRE, LSAT训练都可以，这五步

建议一开始每天读4篇，用5天读完做过的20篇GRE阅读。第一次训练时会比较费时间 2-4小时，训练久了就会逐渐习惯。
并且在训练过程中不断计时并最终达到长文章3分钟-4分钟读完，短文章 2分钟之内读完

训练的目的是增强短期记忆并熟知文章结构。

第一步，打开word,写上要读的文章， 然后精读文章，用5分钟（以后逐渐减少，最终目标是3分钟到3分30s）

第二步，根据你的记忆，按照文章所给的内容，写出你能记忆的所有的东西，顺序写

第三步，写出中心论点，比如 Though China is making efforts to clean its air, it will be a long time before benefits are seen and problems will continue to arise.

第四步，根据记忆写每一个段落的作用，比如 Background information, current problem, elucidating ways to read information given, return to problem and potential short-term solution, problems for that as well. Conclusion no clear cut solution but changes are being made.

第五步，写出作者的观点，态度

完成后看文章，看看哪里需要完善。
这个方法坚持3周会有立竿见影的效果

畫地為牢

很不错的方法....