大全Passage40, Q3, 7 原来读懂只是个传说，请指教

aaron22

这篇文章，我以为我读懂了，但是当对答案的时候我才知道其实，读懂只是一个传说 T_T

请教了，各位

Passage 40 (40/63)

Japanese firms have achieved the highest levels of manufacturing efficiency in the world automobile industry. Some observers of Japan have assumed that Japanese firms use the same manufacturing equipment and techniques as United States firms but have benefited from the unique characteristics of Japanese employees and the Japanese culture. However, if this were true, then one would expect Japanese auto plants in the United States to perform no better than factories run by United States companies. This is not the case; Japanese-run automobile plants located in the United States and staffed by local workers have demonstrated higher levels of productivity when compared with factories owned by United States companies.

Other observers link high Japanese productivity to higher levels of capital investment per worker. But a historical perspective leads to a different conclusion. When the two top Japanese automobile makers matched and then doubled United States productivity levels in the mid-sixties, capital investment per employee was comparable to that of United States firms. Furthermore, by the late seventies, the amount of fixed assets required to produce one vehicle was roughly equivalent in Japan and in the United States.

Since capital investment was not higher in Japan, it had to be other factors that led to higher productivity. A more fruitful explanation may lie with Japanese production techniques. Japanese automobile producers did not simply implement conventional processes more effectively: they made critical changes in United States procedures. For instance, the mass-production philosophy of United States automakers encouraged the production of huge lots of cars in order to utilize fully expensive, component-specific equipment and to occupy fully workers who have been trained to execute one operation efficiently. Japanese automakers chose to make small-lot production feasible by introducing several departures from United States practices, including the use of flexible equipment that could be altered easily to do several different production tasks and the training of workers in multiple jobs. Automakers could schedule the production of different components or models on single machines, thereby eliminating the need to store the buffer stocks of extra components that result when specialized equipment and workers are kept constantly active.

3 .Which of the following statements concerning the productivity levels of automakers can be inferred from the passage?

(A) Prior to the 1960’s, the productivity levels of the top Japanese automakers were exceeded by those of United States automakers.

(B) The culture of a country has a large effect on the productivity levels of its automakers.

(C) During the late 1970’s and early 1980’s, productivity levels were comparable in Japan and the United States.

(D) The greater the number of cars that are produced in a single lot, the higher a plant’s productivity level.

(E) The amount of capital investment made by automobile

这道题答案是A，我选的是C，对答案的时候就想抽自己，活生生的把C选项的productivity levels脑补成cost level然后选了它。

排除C之后，仍然不知道在文中如何定位A选项的内容，文章我是一句一句精度的，好气馁啊,sign

7 .Which of the following statements is supported by information stated in the passage?

(A) Japanese and United States automakers differ in their approach to production processes .

(B) Japanese automakers have perfected the use of single-function equipment.

(C) Japanese automakers invest more capital per employee than do United States automakers.

(D) United States-owned factories abroad have higher production levels than do Japanese owned plants in the United States.

(E) Japanese automakers have benefited from the cultural heritage of their workers.

答案是A，选是选对了，想确认下

Production processes就是文中所说的production techniques吗？

还是说有地方

谢谢！

aaron22

第7题想明白了，还是想问第3题文中的定位，谢谢

aaron22

找到DARRENMA 大牛的解释了，跟大家分享下


“这题要对,关键是能否理解"When the two top Japanese automobile makers matched and then doubled United States productivity levels in the mid-sixties, capital investment per employee was comparable to that of United States firms"中的划线部分. matched and then doubled的意思:小日本赶上老米,然后成为老米的两倍.表明了一种单调向上的趋势;而60年代中是临界点,所以60年代中以前:J比不上U,进而60年代以前J更是比不上U了.


此题还可以用排除法搞定: B) 与第一段观点相反,而且与题干productivity无关.


C) 原文是说需要的资产投入相仿,不是P相仿


D) 与第3段的small-lot prodution效率更高的观点相反


E) 与第二段的观点相悖.
”
豁然开朗 ！

vanessaljt

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