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Prep07 essay13 Q45 一問

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发表于 2012-11-16 12:06:34 | 只看该作者 回帖奖励 |倒序浏览 |阅读模式
Eassy 13
Comparable worth, as a standard applied to eliminate
inequities in pay, insists that the values of certain tasks
performed in dissimilar jobs can be compared. In the last
decade, this approach has become a critical social policy
issue, as large numbers of private-sector firms and
industries as well as federal, state, and local
governmental entities have adopted comparable worth
policies or begun to consider doing so.

This widespread institutional awareness of comparable
worth indicates increased public awareness that pay
inequities--that is, situations in which pay is not "fair"
because it does not reflect the true value of a job--exist in
the labor market. However, the question still remains:
have the gains already made in pay equity under
comparable worth principles been of a precedent-setting
nature or are they mostly transitory, a function of
concessions made by employers to mislead female
employees into believing that they have made long-term
pay equity gains?

Comparable worth pay adjustments are indeed precedent-
setting. Because of the principles driving them, other
mandates
that can be applied to reduce or eliminate
unjustified pay gaps between male and female workers
have not remedied perceived pay inequities satisfactorily
for the litigants in cases in which men and women hold
different jobs. But whenever comparable worth principles
are applied to pay schedules, perceived unjustified pay
differences are eliminated. In this sense, then,
comparable worth is more comprehensive than other
mandates, such as the Equal Pay Act of 1963 and Title
VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Neither compares
tasks in dissimilar jobs (that is, jobs across occupational
categories) in an effort to determine whether or not what
is necessary to perform these tasks--know-how, problem-
solving, and accountability--can be quantified in terms of
its dollar value to the employer. Comparable worth, on
the other hand, takes as its premise that certain tasks in
dissimilar jobs may require a similar amount of training,
effort, and skill; may carry similar responsibility; may be
carried on in an environment having a similar impact
upon the worker; and may have a similar dollar value to
the employer.
Question 45:
It can be inferred from the passage that application of
"other mandates" (see highlighted text) would be unlikely
to result in an outcome satisfactory to the female
employees in which of the following situations?

I. Males employed as long-distance truck drivers for a
furniture company make $3.50 more per hour than do
females with comparable job experience employed in the
same capacity.

II. Women working in the office of a cement company
contend that their jobs are as demanding and valuable
as those of the men working outside in the cement
factory, but the women are paid much less per hour.

III. A law firm employs both male and female paralegals
with the same educational and career backgrounds, but
the starting salary for male paralegals is $5,000 more
than for female paralegals.

(A)    I only
(B)    II only
(C)    III only
(D)    I and II only
(E)    I and III only

Q45 – Answer: B
回原文定位在第3段第2句。请问为什么(II)的这句话会代表男女是在不同的工作?
II. Women working in the office of a cement company
contend that their jobs are as demanding and valuable
as those of the men working outside in the cement
factory, but the women are paid much less per hour.

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