关于all but one NN们请现身！

xiaotumiemie

NN们请现身！
一道IR题，其中第一段的有一句话没能理解：all but one of which is performed by an outside laboratory—to obtain specific information about an object’s creation。

疑问：all but one 我记得意思是除了一个，其他所有的。但是这句话里谓语动词是is。很迷惑，求解惑。感谢。

全文如下


Tehniques

Island Museum analyzes historical artifacts using one or more techniques described below—all but one of which is performed by an outside laboratory—to obtain specific information about an object’s creation. For each type of material listed, the museum uses only the technique described:


Animal teeth or bones: The museum performs isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) in-house to determine the ratios of chemical elements present, yielding clues as to the animal’s diet and the minerals in its water supply.


Metallic ores or alloys: Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is used to determine the ratios of traces of metallic isotopes present, which differ according to where the sample was obtained.


Plant matter: While they are living, plants absorb carbon-14, which decays at a predictable rate after death; thus radiocarbon dating is used to estimate a plant’s date of death.


Fired-clay objects: Thermoluminescence (TL) dating is used to provide an estimate of the time since clay was fired to create the object.

Artifacts

Island Museum has acquired a collection of metal, fired clay, stone, bone, and wooden artifacts found on the Kaxna Islands, and presumed to be from the Kaxna Kingdom of 1250–850 BC. Researchers have mapped all the mines, quarries, and sources of clay on Kaxna and know that wooden artifacts of that time were generally created within 2 years after tree harvest. There is, however, considerable uncertainty as to whether these artifacts were actually created on Kaxna.


In analyzing these artifacts, the museum assumes that radiocarbon dating is accurate to approximately ±200 years and TL dating is accurate to approximately ±100 years.

BUDGET

For outside laboratory tests, the museum’s first-year budget for the Kaxna collection allows unlimited IRMS testing, and a total of $7,000—equal to the cost of 4 TL tests plus 15 radiocarbon tests, or the cost of 40 ICP-MS tests—for all other tests. For each technique applied by an outside lab, the museum is charged a fixed price per artifact.


For each of the following combinations of Kaxna artifacts, select Yes if, based on the information provided, the cost of all pertinent techniques described can be shown to be within the museum’s first-year Kaxna budget. Otherwise, select No.

pplovehe

求解  这篇感觉挺难啊  不知道怎么下手

dadu91418

顶贴，同问！

木子xi

表示这一篇没有看懂...

lysluo90

顶起来。。有道题是：
For each of the following combinations of Kaxna artifacts, select Yes if, based on the information provided, the cost of all pertinent techniques described can be shown to be within the museum's first-year Kaxna budget. Otherwise, select No.
Yes No  
 2 fired-clay statues and 10 bronze statues
 3 fired-clay statues and 5 tin implements
 4 fired-clay pots and 20 wooden statues


晕了。。
答案是YYN

catrhythm

顶起来。。有道题是：
For each of the following combinations of Kaxna artifacts, select Yes if, based on the information provided, the cost of all pertinent techniques described can be shown to be within the museum's first-year Kaxna budget. Otherwise, select No.
Yes No  
 2 fired-clay statues and 10 bronze statues
 3 fired-clay statues and 5 tin implements
 4 fired-clay pots and 20 wooden statues


晕了。。
答案是YYN

-- by 会员 lysluo90 (2012/11/23 12:29:47)

根据题已知条件第一栏，我们可知道一共有4种测试法：1.IRMS 用来测试和bone有关系的物品 2.ICPMS：用来测试和金属有关系的物品 3.Radiocarbon（RC）用来测试和植物有关系的物品 4.TL用来测试和clay有关系的物品 这里大家只要明确了这几种测试法的针对对象就可以了。 再根据第三栏的已知条件，我们可列出2个等式： 4TL + 15CR = 7000 或者 40ICPMS = 7000 （平均下来175/ICPMS)另外，因为IRMS是unlimted的，所以我们可以把有关bone测验的花销看做是zero，进而将其忽略。


先来看4 fired-clay pots and 20 wooden statues 有“clay”和“wooden”关键词，我们可知道所需要的测试包括TL和CR两种，而根据已知条件得到的上面其中一个等式是 4TL + 15CR = 7000，那么显然 4 clay （ 4TL）+ 20 wooden （20CR) > 7000，所以该陈述项超过了budget，答案选NO。


再看3fired-clay statues and 5 tin implements 有“clay”和“tin（锡金属）”关键词，那么测试一定包括TL和ICPMS，根据之前的等式 40ICPMS = 7000 我们可知道ICPMS平均每次的花销是175，那么5次的ICPMS = 875。这里虽然我们已经知道5次ICPMS的花销，但无法确定3次TL的花销是多少，那么我们可以对4TL+15CR=7000做个合理的改动假设 即假设CR花销为zero，那么就等于说4TL=7000 或者说 TL=1750 ，此时的TL的花销一定比它自身实际花销要大，而三次假设最大的TL的花销也只不过为 1750 X 3=  5250，3TL+5ICPMS=5250+875=6225 < 7000, 既然把TL的费用假设到这么高都没有超过7000元的成本，那么实际运行起来更不可能超过预算了，所以此项答案选yes。


2 fired-clay statues and 10 bronze statues这项不用多说了，和上述一项的解题思路如出一辙，答案也是yes，没有超出预算。


其实这一整道大题很简单，只是这个地方有点绕而已，但是一旦想通以后会有一种拿板砖拍自己脑袋的冲动。这道大题里的其他问题就不再一一作答了，只要理解文章很容易找到正确答案 GOOD LUCK

lesley0927

all but 在句首表示强调后者

may219

all but one
of which中的which指的是all……is自然就是one的谓语了

我的理解是，除了一个是在室外做的，其他的实验都在室内~~

你看后面还有in house什么的，可以明白的~