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今天在看Manhattan第六章,对介词短语的修饰问题疑惑了很久,后来查询,思考颇多,与大家分享我的收获。 介词短语修饰问题: 在做看Manhattan的时候明白,介词短语可以做一下成分。 1) noun modifier:就近修饰。GMAT大多数的介词短语是作为noun modifier就近修饰前面的名词。Manhattan举例:ON the couch. the cat took a nap. The cat ON the couch took a nap. 2) verb modifier:修饰主句的动词,逻辑主语是谓语动词的主语。Manhattan举例: ON Mondays, I walk to the store. I walk to the store ON Mondays.
但我对介词短语何时是noun modifier,何时是verb modifier产生了不少疑惑。因为不论属于哪种都可以放到名词前也可以放到名词后。放到名词前面还好说,放到后面就会疑惑了,到底是修饰的句子还是名词? OG 18题 18. Plants are more efficient at acquiring carbon than are fungi, in the form of carbon dioxide, and converting it to energy-rich sugars. (A) Plants are more efficient at acquiring carbon than are fungi, (B) Plants are more efficient at acquiring carbon than fungi, (C) Plants are more efficient than fungi at acquiring carbon, (D) Plants, more efficient than fungi at acquiring carbon, (E) Plants acquire carbon more efficiently than fungi, A,B,E选项解释都说in the form of carbon dioxide就近修饰fungi,修饰错误。我就困惑了,为什么不能算做是verb modifier修饰前面的动词呢?什么情况才是做verb modifier,什么时候做noun modifier? 查了很多帖子,总结如下: 1:大多数是就近修饰名词。做noun modifier. 2:如果是做verb modifier,介词短语就是作状语,大多数的题目都是将介词短语放在句首的。因为一旦放在一个名词后面后面很容易出现修饰歧义。 3:但是最终判断的标准是要看逻辑意思,比如上题,in the…修饰verb,其主语为plants是否合理?明显是不合理的。 看到Manhattan上同样有人有这样的困惑了,ron回答: 摘取Ron话: Prepositional phrases are marvelously flexible. They just need to be positioned in a place where they are clear, unambiguous, and as close as possible to their intended referent.
People protested against slavery, in their homes and in the streets. --> This is a correct sentence in which this kind of modifier modifies an entire clause.
When it comes to problems like this, you don't even have to have precise rules for how the modifiers work. Instead, just look at the modifier placement in each choice RELATIVE to the other choices, and go for the choice(s) in which the modifier is placed closest to what it's actually talking about. In this problem, the modifier is definitely talking about carbon, so you don't need precise rules for how the modifier works. You just have to pick the modifier that is placed as close as possible to “carbon”.
总之,关于介词短语:1)介词短语修饰一定要保证没有歧义,尽量靠近修饰对象。 2)介词短语本身的结构不是很复杂。如果很复杂了,复杂到表意不清,复杂到还不如用从句,就明显要用从句了。
这道题借鉴了熏衣紫草MM的一个关于介词短语的老贴子,最后和RON观点一样都是逻辑非常重要。 熏衣紫草MM:“逻辑意思实为SC之龙脉. 得之, 攻城夺邑, 势如破竹; 失之, 丢盔弃甲, 溃不成军. ” 看那个帖子,异常感动,那样讨论问题的深度和精神让我觉得自己还差的很远,革命尚未成功,同志还需努力!!! http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_SC/thread-108786-1-1.html |
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